The Effects Of Dietary And Lifestyle Interventions Among Pregnant Women Who Are Overweight Or Obese On Longer-term Maternal And Early Childhood Outcomes: An Individual Participant Data (IPD) Meta-analysis
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$287,317.00
Summary
Obesity affects 50% of pregnant women, and is associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. In the longer-term, maternal obesity predicts high infant birth weight and future child obesity. We will combine and analyse randomised controlled trial data available world-wide through an individual participant data meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of antenatal dietary intervention among women who are overweight or obese on longer-term maternal and child health.
Preventing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Using A Home-based Supervised Exercise Program During Pregnancy
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$766,922.00
Summary
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition that develops during pregnancy, placing both the mother and her unborn child at risk of numerous health complications. The risk of developing GDM is greatly increased in women with a history of the condition in a previous pregnancy. We aim to investigate the effect of regular supervised home-based exercise commenced during pregnancy on the incidence of GDM, as well as other aspects of maternal and fetal wellbeing.
Understanding The Role Of Endogenous And Pharmacologic Glycosaminoglycans In Preventing Pre-eclampsia
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$516,642.00
Summary
Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a serious pregnancy complication that affects the well being of the mother and baby. There is no cure for PE except for delivery of the baby. This may result in delivery much earlier than expected causing a very premature baby. This study investigates substances in the placenta that may be responsible for causing PE. If we can understand how these substances cause the problem of PE, we may be able to find better ways of treating or preventing it.
Maternal Recognition Of Fetal Sex In The Regulation Of Labour
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$455,821.00
Summary
Preterm birth is the largest cause of death in infants and males are more likely to be born preterm than females. We propose that the intrauterine renin-angiotensin system, the activity of which is regulated in a sex-specific manner, plays a critical role in protecting against preterm labour. Our study will further our understanding of the mechanisms of preterm labour and provide new insight into the sex-specific differences in the prevalence of preterm birth.
Preclinical Development Of TLR Signalling Inhibitors For Prevention Of Preterm Labour And Fetal Inflammatory Injury
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$690,821.00
Summary
Preterm birth affects 8% of Australian births and is a major cause of infant and child health problems. Therapies to prevent or delay prematurity are urgently required. This study will investigate new drugs that suppress the triggers of preterm labour. We will evaluate drug effects in mice and human placental tissue, to demonstrate safety and fetal protection from inflammatory injury that occurs with prematurity. Successful completion of the study is expected to lead to clinical trials in women.
Fetal Sex: An Important Determinant Of The Placental Transcriptome
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$553,574.00
Summary
There are fetal sex differences in pregnancy outcomes that place boys at greater risk than girls. These are likely caused by genetic differences in the placenta. We will use 21st century gene sequencing technology to obtain the complete sequence of placental genes in early pregnancy and normal term placenta to determine what the genetic differences are between male and female placentas. This may be important in developing future sex specific therapeutics for babies in the neonatal nursery.
Endometrial Exosomes: A New Paradigm In Endometrial-embryo Cross-talk
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$726,978.00
Summary
Establishment of pregnancy requires molecular communication between the embryo and the lining of the womb (the endometrium) which enhances implantation into the womb and placental development. Nanoparticles (exosomes) released by the endometrium into the uterine cavity, carry cargo of genetic material and proteins, which may be transferred to the pre-implantation embryo. We will define functional changes induced by exosomes, that impact on implantation and the fetus’s long-term health.
Measuring Hypoxia Induced MRNA In Maternal Blood To Monitor Wellbeing Of Growth-restricted Fetuses
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$421,358.00
Summary
Severely growth restricted fetuses are at peril of stillbirth from low oxygenation. While ultrasound monitoring improves outcomes, babies are still lost. Better ways to monitor the health the unborn baby are needed. We have recently discovered fetuses’ starved of oxygen leak RNA into mother's blood. Thus, measuring RNA molecules in blood could be used to assess fetal health. We will examine whether measuring mRNA in maternal blood could be used to monitor wellbeing of growth-restricted fetuses.
From Pathogenesis To Therapeutics: Targeting Two Signalling Pathways As A Therapeutic Strategy To Treat Preeclampsia
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$499,048.00
Summary
Preeclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy that claims the lives of thousands of mothers and babies each year. There is no efficacious medical treatment besides delivery of the baby and placenta. Our lack of therapeutics is largely a result of our poor understanding of the disease. In this application we plan to thoroughly characterise two pathways we believe responsible for preeclampsia, effectively identifying many points at which new therapies could be targeted.
Understanding The Regulation Of HERG Potassium Channel In The Myometrium At The Time Of Labour
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$597,661.00
Summary
We have shown that a potassium channel known as hERG falls precipitously at the time of term labour and that blocking this channel causes powerful uterine contractions. This grant will determine how the expression of this channel is regulated in the myometrium and whether changes in hERG channels also occur in premature labour.