The effectiveness of health impact assessments conducted in Australia and New Zealand. Health impact assessment (HIA) has been internationally recognised as one of a limited number of preventive interventions that can be used to enhance the health benefits of health and other sector activities - policies, programs and projects - before they are implemented. The issue of how effective HIA is in changing decision-making and implementation remains largely unresolved however. This study will exami ....The effectiveness of health impact assessments conducted in Australia and New Zealand. Health impact assessment (HIA) has been internationally recognised as one of a limited number of preventive interventions that can be used to enhance the health benefits of health and other sector activities - policies, programs and projects - before they are implemented. The issue of how effective HIA is in changing decision-making and implementation remains largely unresolved however. This study will examine the effectiveness HIAs that have been completed in Australia and New Zealand between 2005 and 2009. The findings will guide the use of HIA by the public and private sectors in Australia and internationally, and improve HIA's ability to strengthen Australia's social and economic fabric.Read moreRead less
Knowledge and attitudes about life extension technology: public and stakeholder perspectives. This comprehensive investigation will contribute new knowledge that will help Australians to better cope with the social and economic consequences of an ageing population. New developments in the biosciences promise the possibility of extending human life past 120 years. This study will assist government, healthcare providers and researchers to understand the public reaction to such developments and en ....Knowledge and attitudes about life extension technology: public and stakeholder perspectives. This comprehensive investigation will contribute new knowledge that will help Australians to better cope with the social and economic consequences of an ageing population. New developments in the biosciences promise the possibility of extending human life past 120 years. This study will assist government, healthcare providers and researchers to understand the public reaction to such developments and enable them to plan for the future. The study will contribute to future strategic research and train a future researcher in the priority health goal of ageing well, ageing productively.Read moreRead less
Resolving patients' complaints about hospitals: Responsive regulation by health ombudsmen. Ombudsmen help ensure integrity and accountability in societal institutions. This study of patients' complaints about hospitals to health ombudsmen in two states, and the responses of hospitals, will produce evidence on strategies for making hospitals more responsive to the public and more accountable for the quality of their care. Australia was a world leader in establishing health ombudsmen and this stud ....Resolving patients' complaints about hospitals: Responsive regulation by health ombudsmen. Ombudsmen help ensure integrity and accountability in societal institutions. This study of patients' complaints about hospitals to health ombudsmen in two states, and the responses of hospitals, will produce evidence on strategies for making hospitals more responsive to the public and more accountable for the quality of their care. Australia was a world leader in establishing health ombudsmen and this study will explore their impact upon the hospital system. Evidence-based strategies are needed to improve the accountability of service providers and regulators. Social and economic benefits flow from empowering patients and from improving hospital performance.Read moreRead less
Consent in the void: moral, legal and community values in decisions about human biological donations. This project will improve consent procedures for embryo and organ donation. This will increase the autonomy of those consenting, the quality of consent that is given, and increase public trust in the processes of embryo and organ donation. The legal and moral status of the wishes of the newly dead or embryo donors and will be clarified thereby increasing the quality of consent processes for all ....Consent in the void: moral, legal and community values in decisions about human biological donations. This project will improve consent procedures for embryo and organ donation. This will increase the autonomy of those consenting, the quality of consent that is given, and increase public trust in the processes of embryo and organ donation. The legal and moral status of the wishes of the newly dead or embryo donors and will be clarified thereby increasing the quality of consent processes for all involved. By including community values in addition to the legal and moral issues, this project will make well-founded recommendations for the development of laws, policies and guidelines in relation to decisions about frozen embryos and the newly dead.Read moreRead less
Genetic Identity Testing and the Family: the articulation between biotechnology and family relationships, politics and policy. Genetic identity testing cuts to the very nature of the family itself. For the first time in human history, it is possible to identify paternity - and misattributed paternity - with reasonable certainty. Parentage testing has become a vehicle for the fathers? rights movement, and is influencing the management of child support policy. Governments are currently developing ....Genetic Identity Testing and the Family: the articulation between biotechnology and family relationships, politics and policy. Genetic identity testing cuts to the very nature of the family itself. For the first time in human history, it is possible to identify paternity - and misattributed paternity - with reasonable certainty. Parentage testing has become a vehicle for the fathers? rights movement, and is influencing the management of child support policy. Governments are currently developing broad policy frameworks on this issue. Yet there is almost no social research on parentage testing. This study will provide scope for Australian leadership in an area of study that will become progressively more important with the rapid development of DNA chip technology. Read moreRead less
Community preferences for organ donation and allocation in Australia. This work will provide vital information on the Australian public's attitudes and preferences towards organ donation and allocation strategies, and inform the development of a national organ donation strategy that considers the public's preferences for different policies to increase organ donor rates. This project will directly address the National Research Priority of 'promoting and maintaining good health'; increasing the a ....Community preferences for organ donation and allocation in Australia. This work will provide vital information on the Australian public's attitudes and preferences towards organ donation and allocation strategies, and inform the development of a national organ donation strategy that considers the public's preferences for different policies to increase organ donor rates. This project will directly address the National Research Priority of 'promoting and maintaining good health'; increasing the availability of donor organs, and improving the equity and transparency of organ allocation in Australia will lead to improved health outcomes for patients on transplant waiting lists around Australia, and improved health outcomes for patients not previously eligible for transplant (e.g. some dialysis patients)Read moreRead less
Statistical Inference for Probability-Linked Longitudinal Data. The Strategic Roadmap for the Australian Government's National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy states that analysis of linked data, and particularly linked longitudinal data, has the potential to revolutionise Australian public health research. Similar benefits should flow from analysis of linked datasets in other areas, e.g. the Statistical Longitudinal Census Dataset that the Australian Bureau of Statistics intends ....Statistical Inference for Probability-Linked Longitudinal Data. The Strategic Roadmap for the Australian Government's National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy states that analysis of linked data, and particularly linked longitudinal data, has the potential to revolutionise Australian public health research. Similar benefits should flow from analysis of linked datasets in other areas, e.g. the Statistical Longitudinal Census Dataset that the Australian Bureau of Statistics intends to create by linking individual records across censuses. These benefits will be maximised by controlling the impact of linkage error when analysing these datasets. This proposal will develop the statistical theory and related methodology to solve this problem in a statistically efficient manner.Read moreRead less
Bayesian Analysis of Treatment Effects in Experiments with Imperfect Compliance. This research has a potential to benefit society by providing methods to evaluate the effectiveness of medical treatments and socio-economic and health related interventions and policies based on experiments with imperfect compliance. The proposed methods are directly relevant to the second national research priority, as they can be used to test potential measures for preventative health care and to evaluate measure ....Bayesian Analysis of Treatment Effects in Experiments with Imperfect Compliance. This research has a potential to benefit society by providing methods to evaluate the effectiveness of medical treatments and socio-economic and health related interventions and policies based on experiments with imperfect compliance. The proposed methods are directly relevant to the second national research priority, as they can be used to test potential measures for preventative health care and to evaluate measures for strengthening Australia's social and economic fabric. The usefulness of our methods is demonstrated in the analysis of the effectiveness of a training program for the unemployed in alleviating negative mental health effects from job loss.Read moreRead less
Health Production Functions: Effects of Socioeconomic and Lifestyle Factors on Health Status. Improving the health and wellbeing of individuals is a priority for the Australian government. Empirical knowledge on the determinants of health is crucial for effective allocation of public health funds. We propose a thorough economic investigation into the interrelationships between self-assessed health, chronic conditions, obesity, private insurance status, and socioeconomic and lifestyle factors, us ....Health Production Functions: Effects of Socioeconomic and Lifestyle Factors on Health Status. Improving the health and wellbeing of individuals is a priority for the Australian government. Empirical knowledge on the determinants of health is crucial for effective allocation of public health funds. We propose a thorough economic investigation into the interrelationships between self-assessed health, chronic conditions, obesity, private insurance status, and socioeconomic and lifestyle factors, using advanced microeconometric techniques and comprehensive national and Victorian health surveys. We will link the micro-level findings to economic and policy implications for the Australian health sector and society. The research will be valuable in the design and evaluation of health promotion programs.Read moreRead less
Preventive health care: how compatible are clinicians' identity and practice with transition to the new roles that health reform requires? This project is designed to assess how health care workers cope with the various impacts of health reform and to explore ways of enhancing their preparedness for and commitment to these reforms, particularly as these reforms herald new roles, responsibilities and expectations. The significance of the project lies in the way it links reform to the in situ enac ....Preventive health care: how compatible are clinicians' identity and practice with transition to the new roles that health reform requires? This project is designed to assess how health care workers cope with the various impacts of health reform and to explore ways of enhancing their preparedness for and commitment to these reforms, particularly as these reforms herald new roles, responsibilities and expectations. The significance of the project lies in the way it links reform to the in situ enactment of clinical practice and reflection through video-recording and practitioner auto-review. The project's outcomes include increased understanding of: the tension between situated practice and reform; employee commitment to the interactive implications of reform, and video-based research as individual and organizational change methodology.Read moreRead less