Indigenous Knowledge and Resource Management in Northern Australia. The project responds to increasing demands of Indigenous communities across northern Australia for the digital archiving of threatened Indigenous Knowledge (IK) to facilitate conservation and intergenerational transmission. The project aims to develop a series of databases of IK satisfying the requirements of varied stakeholders, including Indigenous communities, resource management agencies and researchers. The project is inn ....Indigenous Knowledge and Resource Management in Northern Australia. The project responds to increasing demands of Indigenous communities across northern Australia for the digital archiving of threatened Indigenous Knowledge (IK) to facilitate conservation and intergenerational transmission. The project aims to develop a series of databases of IK satisfying the requirements of varied stakeholders, including Indigenous communities, resource management agencies and researchers. The project is innovative in giving a dominant voice to Indigenous researchers and consultants in the development of protocols for database structures, protection of intellectual property rights, intergenerational transmission and negotiation of dissemination of information to resource management agencies and academic researchers.Read moreRead less
A New Model For The Pathogenesis Of Rheumatic Fever: Superantigen Priming Of The Immune Response To Group A Streptococci
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$248,820.00
Summary
Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is now rare in developed countries. However, it remains a major problem in Aboriginal Australians in the NT where the rate of ARF is the highest in the world. This leads to high rates of rheumatic heart disease (up to 3% of individuals in some communities) and a premature mortality of over four times that for developing countries. Immunisation and improved living conditions offer a long-term solution but these remain a distant prospect. In the short and medium term, c ....Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is now rare in developed countries. However, it remains a major problem in Aboriginal Australians in the NT where the rate of ARF is the highest in the world. This leads to high rates of rheumatic heart disease (up to 3% of individuals in some communities) and a premature mortality of over four times that for developing countries. Immunisation and improved living conditions offer a long-term solution but these remain a distant prospect. In the short and medium term, control of this ARF will partly depend on new and better treatment and prevention strategies. To achieve these goals a deeper understanding of the immune mechanisms underlying this disease is urgently needed. It is known that ARF is caused by an abnormal immune response following streptococcal infection. This leads to the production of cells called T cells that attack the body s own tissues rather than the bacteria itself. This autoimmune disease is responsible for the heart damage that underlies ARF. It is believed that this proces only occurs when susceptible individuals are infected with specific rheumatogenic strains of streptococci. However there are a number of deficiencies in this model and it is proposed that there is an additional factor responsible for the abnormal immune response in ARF. This project will explore the possibility that bacterial toxins called superantigens are the critical missing factor , by studying the immune response in ARF. Superantigens are produced by certain streptococci and staphylococci, and are potent in minute quantities causing widespread activation of the immune system. They have been found to play an important role in a number of autoimmune diseases and the type of immune response found in ARF fits well with that expected if superantigens were involved. If superantigens play an important role in causing the abnormal immune response in ARF then a number of new avenues would open for the treatment and prevention of this disease.Read moreRead less
Special Research Initiatives - Grant ID: SR120100005
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$3,198,392.00
Summary
National Indigenous Research and Knowledges Network. The National Indigenous Research and Knowledges Network will capacity build and increase Indigenous higher degree, early and mid career researchers to develop new approaches to undertaking research and producing outcomes. NIRAKN's members include a number of universities, AIATSIS, and partner organisations.
Establishing the provenance of Torres Strait Islander remains: genetics, craniometrics and isotopes. The repatriation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander remains has been a focus of Commonwealth and State Governments for over two decades. It remains as a significant social and cultural issue for many Indigenous Australians. One of the main hurdles to repatriation is the fact that hundreds, and possibly thousands of human remains have very little contextual detail associated with them. A num ....Establishing the provenance of Torres Strait Islander remains: genetics, craniometrics and isotopes. The repatriation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander remains has been a focus of Commonwealth and State Governments for over two decades. It remains as a significant social and cultural issue for many Indigenous Australians. One of the main hurdles to repatriation is the fact that hundreds, and possibly thousands of human remains have very little contextual detail associated with them. A number of techniques have been developed in the field of biological anthropology to reconstruct the history of individual skeletal remains. This innovative project aims to use advances in the fields of ancient DNA, isotope analysis and craniometrics to resolve the provenance of 113 trophy skulls from the Torres Strait Islands.Read moreRead less
A Randomised Controlled Trial Of Alternative Treatments To Intramuscular Penicillin For Impetigo In Aboriginal Children
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,326,182.00
Summary
We will conduct clinical trials to find an effective, simple and cheap oral alternative to injected penicillin for skin sores which could become the universal standard of care whether the patient is in Melbourne or Milingimbi. It would also likely be adopted by the World Health Organization as a standard of care for developing countries. This would lead directly to a reduced burden of skin sores and their complications. It would also open the way for studies to explore even simpler regimens.
Re-integrating Central Australian community cultural collections. This project aims to apply current research on archiving and community access to find practical solutions to managing the large amounts of recorded cultural material of interest to the Central Land Council, the peak Indigenous representative body covering the southern half of the Northern Territory. The project aims to identify and integrate information in a common database, work with community members to create a prioritised list ....Re-integrating Central Australian community cultural collections. This project aims to apply current research on archiving and community access to find practical solutions to managing the large amounts of recorded cultural material of interest to the Central Land Council, the peak Indigenous representative body covering the southern half of the Northern Territory. The project aims to identify and integrate information in a common database, work with community members to create a prioritised list of any at-risk materials and apply locally meaningful categories for managing the archival materials relevant to their community, and deliver appropriate documentation of process, permissions and reports to support ongoing sustainability of the collections.Read moreRead less
Warlpiri songlines: anthropological, linguistic and Indigenous perspectives. This partnership combines anthropologists, linguists, Indigenous knowledge holders and Indigenous bicultural linguists to record, document and analyse Warlpiri song series. Warlpiri songs link ancestral power, landscape, emotions and aesthetics and are central to religious life. Because the diversity of performance contexts in which these songs are learnt is rapidly reducing, this aspect of Warlpiri high culture is unde ....Warlpiri songlines: anthropological, linguistic and Indigenous perspectives. This partnership combines anthropologists, linguists, Indigenous knowledge holders and Indigenous bicultural linguists to record, document and analyse Warlpiri song series. Warlpiri songs link ancestral power, landscape, emotions and aesthetics and are central to religious life. Because the diversity of performance contexts in which these songs are learnt is rapidly reducing, this aspect of Warlpiri high culture is under threat. This project will create a cultural archive informed by Indigenous exegesis, that integrates it into the world of anthropological and lingusitic scholarship and provides materials for the school curriculum.Read moreRead less
The impacts of commercial gambling on Aboriginal communities in Northern Australia. The project will represent the first detailed exploration of the effects of commercial gambling on Aboriginal people in Northern Australia. It specifically aims to assess the impact of continued commercial gambling expansion, including the spread of electronic gaming machines (EGMs), on Aboriginal communities. The project will explore how Aboriginal cultures react to, and adopt, western gambling into existing cul ....The impacts of commercial gambling on Aboriginal communities in Northern Australia. The project will represent the first detailed exploration of the effects of commercial gambling on Aboriginal people in Northern Australia. It specifically aims to assess the impact of continued commercial gambling expansion, including the spread of electronic gaming machines (EGMs), on Aboriginal communities. The project will explore how Aboriginal cultures react to, and adopt, western gambling into existing cultural frameworks. The core task of the project will be to develop appropriate methodological tools for the assessment of gambling activity in Aboriginal communities. The result will have direct policy impacts in the context of regional well-being and identifying and protecting vulnerable communities.Read moreRead less
Archaeology in the Long Grass:
Understanding Contact Through the Analysis of Urban Aboriginal Fringe Camps. This research will contribute to the priority goal of Strengthening Australia’s Social and Economic Fabric through: 1) conceptual and methodological advances in archaeology; 2) making a substantive contribution to Native Title debates; 3) contributing to Closing the Gap of Indigenous disadvantage; 4) developing Indigenous research capacity; and 5) increasing public understandings of Abor ....Archaeology in the Long Grass:
Understanding Contact Through the Analysis of Urban Aboriginal Fringe Camps. This research will contribute to the priority goal of Strengthening Australia’s Social and Economic Fabric through: 1) conceptual and methodological advances in archaeology; 2) making a substantive contribution to Native Title debates; 3) contributing to Closing the Gap of Indigenous disadvantage; 4) developing Indigenous research capacity; and 5) increasing public understandings of Aboriginal culture. The Larrakia Nation Aboriginal Corporation will benefit from new data to inform policy decisions and recommendations, interpretive materials for planned tourism ventures and enhanced research capacity through the quality training of Aboriginal research associates.Read moreRead less
The effect of genomic variants on Indigenous health. The effect of genomic variants on Indigenous health. This project aims to examine the genetic variants introduced by Europeans (and other groups) into the genomes of the Aboriginal Australian population. The rate of metabolic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension is very high in Australia’s Indigenous populations. While an energy-rich Western diet has been suggested as the major cause, the contribution of genomic variants (mutations) rema ....The effect of genomic variants on Indigenous health. The effect of genomic variants on Indigenous health. This project aims to examine the genetic variants introduced by Europeans (and other groups) into the genomes of the Aboriginal Australian population. The rate of metabolic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension is very high in Australia’s Indigenous populations. While an energy-rich Western diet has been suggested as the major cause, the contribution of genomic variants (mutations) remains unclear. Anticipated outcomes are better understandings of both the benign and deleterious variants introduced into Aboriginal Australian populations and how these contribute to disease susceptibility.Read moreRead less