What People With Aphasia Want: Towards Person-centred Goal-setting In Aphasia Rehabilitation
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$427,702.00
Summary
Consumers of health services expect their concerns and priorities to form part of their health care. People with aphasia have difficulty communicating their needs and speech pathologists are challenged to plan therapy to meet aphasic clients' needs. Family members of people with aphasia also have unrecognised concerns. The first aim of this study is to determine the goals of people with aphasia and their families and to gain their perspective of whether these goals were addressed in speech thera ....Consumers of health services expect their concerns and priorities to form part of their health care. People with aphasia have difficulty communicating their needs and speech pathologists are challenged to plan therapy to meet aphasic clients' needs. Family members of people with aphasia also have unrecognised concerns. The first aim of this study is to determine the goals of people with aphasia and their families and to gain their perspective of whether these goals were addressed in speech therapy. The study will then seek the perspective of their treating speech pathologists about the goals of therapy and the challenges that speech pathologists face in practising person-centered goal setting. This study will not only provide a framework for aphasia services in Australia but also provide data that will inform professional educational programs about person-centered practice for speech pathologists and other health professionals. It will also contribute to current theories on collaborative goal setting in a rehabilitation context.Read moreRead less
Accurate Differentiation Of Acquired Speech And Language Disorders For Positive Rehabilitation Outcomes
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$398,840.00
Summary
Loss of speech due to acquired brain injury causes long-term disability, increased risk for depression, and substantial caregiver burden. Speech disorders can affect linguistic processes or control of speech movements. The current gold standard for diagnosis of speech movement disorders is expert judgment of speech characteristics. We propose to test a novel diagnostic tool that has potential to drive a reframing of rehabilitation strategies to improve outcomes and quality of life.
Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Therapy For Word Production Impairments In Aphasia.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$231,500.00
Summary
This project addresses the remediation of language disorders following brain damage (aphasia). It targets the difficulties people with aphasia have in retrieving and accurately producing the words they need to communicate. These word production impairments are an extremely common symptom of aphasia and may be of different types. They are often severe but can be improved with treatment. However, there is no one task that is effective for every person with word production impairments in aphasia. U ....This project addresses the remediation of language disorders following brain damage (aphasia). It targets the difficulties people with aphasia have in retrieving and accurately producing the words they need to communicate. These word production impairments are an extremely common symptom of aphasia and may be of different types. They are often severe but can be improved with treatment. However, there is no one task that is effective for every person with word production impairments in aphasia. Unfortunately, to date research has failed to investigate adequately the relationship between the type of word production disorder and the appropriate treatment task to successfully remediate it - matching treatment to impairment remains a process of 'trial and error'. As therapy is a time consuming (and hence costly) process, it is clearly desirable to be able to select the best treatment as quickly as possible. This project aims to address this issue. We will investigate the effectiveness of two tasks which are commonly used by speech pathologists in their treatment of people with word retrieval impairments: answering a question regarding the meaning of a word (e.g. Does a cat purr?), and naming a picture with the help of the first sound of the word (e.g. the sound kuh' to help name a picture of a cat). We will determine if after treatment with these tasks, word retrieval and conversation skills improve; and in particular if one task is more effective for one type of word retrieval problem (e.g. retrieving the sounds of the word) than for another (e.g. impaired word meanings). The results of this study will enable Speech Pathologists to select the correct treatment with more accuracy than is currently possible, providing benefits in terms of increased communication ability for aphasic individuals (and hence greater social participation, quality of life, and reduced depression) and benefiting the Health Service Providers through more cost effective service delivery.Read moreRead less
Organization And Function Of Primate Auditory Cortex
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$271,671.00
Summary
The conscious perception of speech and other sounds depends on processing within a brain region known as the auditory cortex. Compared to other brain areas, relatively little is known about the organization and function of this structure. Recent studies have proposed that the auditory cortex may be anatomically subdivided into functional modules, each of which is specialized for processing different types of information. However, the evidence for multiple processing streams is fragmentary, and n ....The conscious perception of speech and other sounds depends on processing within a brain region known as the auditory cortex. Compared to other brain areas, relatively little is known about the organization and function of this structure. Recent studies have proposed that the auditory cortex may be anatomically subdivided into functional modules, each of which is specialized for processing different types of information. However, the evidence for multiple processing streams is fragmentary, and not entirely consistent. The proposed experiments will combine anatomical and physiological approaches to evaluate the functional organization of auditory cortex in the primate brain. We will map the electrical responses of single brain cells to various complex sounds across the brain surface, and inject dyes to label pathways linking brain areas to one another. The data will allow us to determine whether specific subdivisions of the auditory cortex are specialized for processing different types of infomation, and whether specific subdivisions are linked together to form processing streams specialized for sound recognition and space perception. The results will advance our understanding of the neuronal processing involved in the perception of sound, with possible implications for speech perception. This will help to understand the consequences of brain damage, and may inform the development of hearing aids and artificial voice recognition systems. In addition, this study will help to develop a primate model for studying brain mechanisms of sound recognition that should be useful in research on cochlear implants.Read moreRead less
Determinants Of Successfully Living With Aphasia After Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Mixed Methods Study
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$469,003.00
Summary
People with the communication disability of aphasia following stroke are critical of rehabilitation services. This project seeks to determine what it takes to live successfully with aphasia so that aphasia rehabilitation can be improved. Participants will be interviewed over the first 12 months following the stroke. The most important factors contributing to success will be identified and barriers and facilitators described. The most important factors can then be targeted in rehabilitation.
Telerehabilitation: Assessing Acquired Neurogenic Communication Disorders Online.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$172,446.00
Summary
People who suffer brain damage as a result of a stroke, head injury, or a disorder such as Parkinson's disease frequently develop difficulty in either speaking, writing, reading, or understanding the spoken language. As a result, the person's ability to communicate with his or her family and friends, and the community in general is seriously affected. Individuals who experience these speech and language disorders are treated by a speech pathologist who focuses on improving the person's ability t ....People who suffer brain damage as a result of a stroke, head injury, or a disorder such as Parkinson's disease frequently develop difficulty in either speaking, writing, reading, or understanding the spoken language. As a result, the person's ability to communicate with his or her family and friends, and the community in general is seriously affected. Individuals who experience these speech and language disorders are treated by a speech pathologist who focuses on improving the person's ability to communicate. The treatment of these disorders is frequently long-term requiring speech pathology management beyond existing hospital care. For many people with these communication disorders, accessing speech pathology services after their discharge from hospital may be very difficult due to their physical difficulties, the distances they are required to travel, and the limited availability of speech pathologists in their local community. This project aims to overcome these access issues through the development of a telerehabilitation system that will enable speech pathologists to assess people with these speech and language difficulties across the Internet using videoconferencing. It is intended that this research will ultimately enable people with these types of communication difficulties to be assessed and treated within their own home or local community.Read moreRead less
Progressive Aphasia And Amyloid Deposition: A Multidisciplinary Approach To Improving Dementia Diagnosis
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$528,245.00
Summary
We aim to understand the role of amyloid deposition in the genesis of symptoms in Alzheimer's disease. Patients presenting with progressive deterioration of language (aphasia) some of whom are known to have Alzheimer's disease will be studied using brain imaging techniques, including a PET method (PiB) that labels amyloid in vivo, and to compare imaging changes with a range of language assessments. This will improve the early diagnosis and management of patients with progressive aphasia.