Kidney Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Tubular Development, Repair And Turnover
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$989,141.00
Summary
In Australia, 11.3% of deaths are associated with chronic kidney disease with >$1 billion per annum spent on treating this condition. At present, only dialysis and transplantation are available to treat end stage kidney disease. We have found a kidney stem cell population in both human and mouse that can form new epithelial structures. In this project, we will investigate the normal role played by these kidney stem cells and examine whether they can contribute to kidney regeneration.
Dementias affect a large number of Australians each year with the number of patients expected to triple by 2050. As such, there is need to develop a better model of this debilitating disorder to provide improved treatments. Mesenchymal stem cells, are relatively easy to obtain and grow, and are able to produce the key cell types in the brain. We can use these cells to identify the processes that control the production of brain cells, which will likely provide better treatment of this disease.
Neuronal Membranes And Connections In Dementia: Targets For Intervention
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$720,144.00
Summary
This research aims to understand why some people with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) progress to dementia, whilst others do not. The fact that some people’s cognitive abilities can improve provides an opportunity to study the mechanisms that protect their brain cells from the degeneration associated with dementia. Understanding the cellular changes will lead to therapies that can be tested in the lab for individuals.
Myelin Lipid Breakdown Affected By Apolipoprotein E Genotype: Implications For Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$534,644.00
Summary
This project pieces together two important questions about Alzheimer’s Disease: (1) Why a naturally occurring variant of a gene called “APOE“ is the primary genetic risk for Alzheimer’s. (2) Why Alzheimer’s preferentially affects brain regions that lose a fatty substance called myelin, the electrical insulation of the brain. In doing so, we will understand more about what makes people more susceptible to Alzheimer’s and whether therapies to restore myelin could be effective against Alzheimer’s.
To understand how Hendra virus multiplies in infected cells, we will investigate the structure of its replicative machinery. This will provide the basis for rational drug design increasing Australia’s preparedness against the emergence of Hendra-like viruses.
How Do Mutations In Autophagy Receptors Cause FTD And ALS?
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$566,966.00
Summary
As cells age the "garbage disposal" process within cells slows down, becoming less functional. In inherited forms of dementia the genes involved often code for damaged proteins that "clog up" the disposal system or directly affect the “garbage men”. These defective garbage men genes include SQSTM1/p62, OPTN, VCP and UBQLN2. We will determine how these defective genes lead to build up of garbage in neuronal cells and how leads to disease.
Systems Biology To Identify Molecular Targets For Vascular Disease Treatment (SysVasc), With A Focus On Atherosclerotic Plaque Instability
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$450,721.00
Summary
Heart attacks are caused by rupture of atherosclerotic deposits (plaques) in vessel walls, which results in clot formation ultimately causing vessel occlusion. In collaboration with strong European collaborators, we will use modern high-throughput technologies in a large patient cohort as well as in a newly generated mouse model to discover the causative proteins, genes and their regulators. This will allow identifying individuals at risk and developing novel therapies to prevent heart attacks.
Self-assembled Hydrogels As A Model For Neurodegeneration
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$594,644.00
Summary
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease which currently affects over 340,000 Australians. Often, symptoms of AD are not apparent until the disease is well advanced, limiting chances of successful treatment. In this project, hydrogels made from biocompatible peptides will be used to grow neural cell culture models to study the development of the disease in its early stages. This will help to develop new diagnostic tools for the early detection of AD.
Bioactivated Hierarchical Hydrogels As Zonal Implants For Articular Cartilage Regeneration
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$353,161.00
Summary
Cartilage is frequently damaged, but does not repair on its own, and degenerates in osteoarthritis. Unfortunately, current treatments are also not able to regenerate the structure of normal cartilage and fail to restore joint function long-term. Our project, HydroZONES, brings together expertise from 16 partners to tackle this problem and regenerate cartilage with the appropriate structure to help the millions of people worldwide suffering from cartilage problems such as osteoarthritis.
Bacterial Metabolite Mediated Regulation Of The Immune And Metabolic Systems
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$303,374.00
Summary
The cellular and molecular events that underpin metabolic syndrome diseases, such as diabetes, fatty liver, etc are poorly understood. However recent advances provide new clues. First, the immune system is intimately connected to metabolism. Second, the gut microbiota, and its metabolites such as acetate and butyrate are also important. These metabolites induce epigenetic changes in cells. We will study how metabolites induce molecular changes epigenetically, and how this controls metabolism.