About 14,000 cases of bowel cancer occur annually in Australia despite the availability of life-saving screening. Most people do not receive recommended screening colonoscopy. We will look at why people at high-risk avoid screening and why people at average risk seek unnecessary screening. We will analyse family history and contacts with the healthcare system that impact screening decisions. We will determine the impact of screening on reducing the number of new cases and deaths.
A Worldwide Study Of Cancer Risk For Lynch Syndrome
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$710,761.00
Summary
People with the genetic Lynch syndrome are more likely to get cancer but we cannot accurately predict who will get cancer and when. Doctors need this information to improve cancer prevention. Large collaborative studies are needed for this research. We have agreement from the 115 researchers to combine, into a single resource, 8,863 family trees of Lynch syndrome. We will analyse this data to determine the risk of cancer and whether it differs by sex, age, or nationality.
Improved And Automated Measures Of Breast Cancer Risk Based On Digital Mammography And Family History Data Collected By BreastScreen That Will Enable Tailored Screening For Breast Cancer
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$741,180.00
Summary
We will use mammograms and family history information collected by BreastScreen to update and improve our automated measures of mammographic density for the new era of digital mammograms. We will then develop a new risk prediction tool by combining the measure of mammographic density for digital mammograms with other risk factors so that information on risk can be given to women at the time of their scans. The results of this project will enable Australian women to receive tailored screening.
Serological Responses To Anal HPV Infection: Characterising The Natural History Of Anal HPV
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$220,506.00
Summary
Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes 90% of anal cancer. Anal cancer rates are 20-100 times higher in gay men than other men. The natural history of anal HPV infection and progression to cancer is not completely understood. This study measuring antibodies to HPV will be part of the ongoing Study of the Prevention of Anal Cancer. We aim to show 1) if infection provides any immunity, which will inform HPV vaccination of older gay men and 2) whether antibodies could be used as a marker of cancer risk.
Do Breast Cancer Risk Factors Differ According To Underlying Genetic Susceptibility? A Pooled Analysis Of Prospective Studies From The NCI Cancer Cohort Consortium
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$418,581.00
Summary
We propose to use data from 23 international prospective cohort studies in the Cancer Cohort Consortium organised by the US National Cancer Institute to evaluate gene environment interactions for women who are at increased genetic risk of breast cancer. Our ultimate goal is to enhance the performance of clinical prediction tools and to develop targeted evidence-based strategies to mitigate the high absolute risk of breast cancer for women at increased genetic risk of the disease.
Rheumatic Fever Follow-up Study (RhFFUS) _ Determining The Optimal Clinical Response For Minor Heart Valve Abnormalities In An Indigenous Australian Setting
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,394,792.00
Summary
Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) are a major health issue for Indigenous Australians. In a previous study heart ultrasounds in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children frequently showed suspicious but not diagnostic changes. RhFFUS (Rheumatic Fever Follow-Up Study) aims to see if these changes are associated with a higher risk of ARF and progression to RHD. If this is the case these high risk children could be identified earlier and offered regular antibiotics ....Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) are a major health issue for Indigenous Australians. In a previous study heart ultrasounds in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children frequently showed suspicious but not diagnostic changes. RhFFUS (Rheumatic Fever Follow-Up Study) aims to see if these changes are associated with a higher risk of ARF and progression to RHD. If this is the case these high risk children could be identified earlier and offered regular antibiotics to prevent this cause of heart disease.Read moreRead less
Clinical, Genetic And Psychosocial Aspects Of Sudden Cardiac Death
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$433,423.00
Summary
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) in the young is a tragic complication of a number of genetic heart diseases. Families must deal with profound grief and act on the genetic risk to themselves and other relatives. Clinical management can include the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and is the only therapy proven to prevent SCD. This proposal seeks to investigate the clinical, genetic and psychosocial aspects of managing families who present following a SCD, including psychological outcomes o ....Sudden cardiac death (SCD) in the young is a tragic complication of a number of genetic heart diseases. Families must deal with profound grief and act on the genetic risk to themselves and other relatives. Clinical management can include the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and is the only therapy proven to prevent SCD. This proposal seeks to investigate the clinical, genetic and psychosocial aspects of managing families who present following a SCD, including psychological outcomes of life-saving ICD therapy.Read moreRead less
Social And Cultural Resilience And Emotional Wellbeing Of Aboriginal Mothers In Prison (SCREAM)
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$925,847.00
Summary
The increasing imprisonment of Aboriginal women is a major public health issue affecting Aboriginal communities. One way in which the burden of disease and cycle of incarceration within families can be addressed is by improving health outcomes for incarcerated Aboriginal mothers and female carers. This mixed-methods study uses appropriate health measures, narrative data and action research to identify culturally safe models of health care for delivery in prisons and on re-integration to the comm ....The increasing imprisonment of Aboriginal women is a major public health issue affecting Aboriginal communities. One way in which the burden of disease and cycle of incarceration within families can be addressed is by improving health outcomes for incarcerated Aboriginal mothers and female carers. This mixed-methods study uses appropriate health measures, narrative data and action research to identify culturally safe models of health care for delivery in prisons and on re-integration to the community.Read moreRead less
Implementation And Sustainability Of Non-surgical Intervention For Dental Caries In General Dental Practice
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$390,388.00
Summary
Dentists in NSW and the ACT used new protocols to stop the spread of tooth decay. Many decayed teeth were then remineralised without the use of injections or drilling and filling. The process by which the dentists reorganised their practices to implement the protocols and how they explained them to their patients and practice staff will now be investigated to discover how best to promote their use Australia-wide. The sustainability and cost-effectiveness of this type of care will be measured.
Peer Counseling To Improve Feeding Practices And Reduce Malnutrition In Children 0-2 Years In Bangladesh
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$951,929.00
Summary
Bangladesh faces high levels of inappropriate infant feeding leading to young child malnutrition. Effective programs are urgently needed to help reduce this burden of malnutrition. The study in poor urban communities in Dhaka City, Bangladesh will examine the impact of local women educating mothers about appropriate infant feeding. We will assess the impact of these programs on feeding practices and the growth of the infants.