Achieving More Effective Weight Loss With Intermittent Energy Restriction
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,373,874.00
Summary
Part of the difficulty in achieving lasting weight loss is that the body responds to dieting with compensatory changes in appetite, metabolic rate & blood hormone levels. We have shown in men that alternating phases of energy restriction with periods of greater food intake markedly improves weight loss by overcoming this “famine reaction”. This study will examine if the intermittent diet also produces more effective weight loss in women, and whether it is applicable to the wider community.
Age- And Energy-status Dependent-plasticity Of Glucose Sensing, Orexigenic NPY Neurons: The Glucose-ghrelin Balance
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$578,641.00
Summary
Our research aims to identify how specific brain cells detect changes in glucose levels and how ageing and diet affect their function. We identified a subset of nerve cells that detect changes in glucose and the “hunger” hormone ghrelin, their ability to do so adapting with age and nutritional status. This project will investigate the potential of these nerve cells as targets for therapeutic and diet- intervention strategies to target obesity, diabetes and promote healthy ageing
Brain Glucose-sensing: Age- And Energy-status-dependent Plasticity Of Function-specific Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) Glucose-sensing Neurons In The Arcuate Nucleus Of The Hypothalamus
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$495,071.00
Summary
Obesity and ageing predispose individuals to diabetes, the health and socio-economic implications of which posing significant challenges for Australia in the foreseeable future. Research outlined here aims to identify novel mechanisms enabling brain cells to detect changes in glucose and how ageing and diet affect the function of these nerves. We believe this research could provide novel therapeutic and early diet-based intervention strategies for diabetes and obesity.
NPY Coordination Of Energy Balance And Physical Activity
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$844,596.00
Summary
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder characterized by behavioral alterations, restrictive eating leading to extremely low body weight. AN is also associated with a paradoxical hyperactivity representing a failure of the brain to adjust activity to energy status. Here we aim to investigate the role of the Neuropeptide Y (NPY), a known regulator of homeostatic control and activity in the development of hyperactivity in AN, thus help to identify NPY-targeted therapeutics for AN treatment.
Is The Eye A Window To The Brain In Sanfilippo Syndrome?
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$852,967.00
Summary
Study of the retina and optic nerve permits evaluation of central nervous system – these structures contain both neurons and glia and are outgrowths of the developing brain. Therefore, eye examination may allow us to study the brain and monitor brain disease and the effect of therapy. This project will determine whether brain disease in a childhood-onset disorder (Sanfilippo syndrome) and treatment of it, can be monitored in this way.
Biobank Networks, Medical Research And The Challenge Of Globalisation
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$790,698.00
Summary
Medical research increasingly relies on large-scale biobanks that store tissue samples from healthy donors or patients. Over the past decade, international networks of biobanks have been established. These are scientifically valuable but raise numerous legal and ethical challenges. In this project we will generate evidence to inform the development of ethically rigorous strategies to ensure that Australian donors and biobanks contribute to, and benefit from, international biobank networks.
Banking On The Future: Establishing Evidence For Policy, Protocols, And Patient Care Relating To Storage Of Reproductive Material Before Treatment For Cancer
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$588,023.00
Summary
Cancer treatment can cause infertility. Patients may freeze sperm, eggs, embryos, or ovarian tissue before cancer treatment for later use in fertility treatment. There are no national guidelines specific to this procedure, no generally accepted policies for services, inadequate knowledge about its outcomes, and limited understanding of the needs and expectations of patients who undergo it. This research will address these knowledge gaps and thus contribute to the wellbeing of cancer patients and ....Cancer treatment can cause infertility. Patients may freeze sperm, eggs, embryos, or ovarian tissue before cancer treatment for later use in fertility treatment. There are no national guidelines specific to this procedure, no generally accepted policies for services, inadequate knowledge about its outcomes, and limited understanding of the needs and expectations of patients who undergo it. This research will address these knowledge gaps and thus contribute to the wellbeing of cancer patients and survivors.Read moreRead less
Ensuring The Utility And Sustainability Of Tissue Banks: Supporting Translational Research In Australia Through Informed Regulation And Community Engagement.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$481,885.00
Summary
Tissue banks provide a critical resource for translational research into the causes and treatment of many diseases affecting children and adults, such as cancer.Their success and contribution to medical research depends on addressing the many unresolved and emerging challenges that impact their work. This is the first national empirical study engaging the Australian research community, legal experts tissue donors and the public about the challenges to tissue banks to inform ethico legal regulati ....Tissue banks provide a critical resource for translational research into the causes and treatment of many diseases affecting children and adults, such as cancer.Their success and contribution to medical research depends on addressing the many unresolved and emerging challenges that impact their work. This is the first national empirical study engaging the Australian research community, legal experts tissue donors and the public about the challenges to tissue banks to inform ethico legal regulation and deliver better health care systems.Read moreRead less
Dissecting The TMPRSS6 Regulation Of Iron Homeostasis
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$613,311.00
Summary
Iron overload and anaemia are two of the most significant health problems affecting humans. Understanding how the body regulates iron levels is key to our understanding of these disorders and to the future development of new therapies. This research is aimed at understanding how a hormone produced in the liver called hepcidin that maintains iron balance is regulated. This research may lead to novel therapies aimed at correcting the iron balance in conditions of iron overload or anaemia
Schizophrenia: Reversal Of Atypical Antipsychotic Drug-induced Obesity And Its Related Metabolic Disorders
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$619,854.00
Summary
Atypical antipsychotic drugs such as olanzapine are commonly used to treat mental illnesses such as schizophrenia. While these drugs are effective, their side effects of obesity and metabolic disorders are a major hurdle leading to a serious lack of compliance in taking medication. This project aims to develop better antipsychotic treatment with reduced side-effects including obesity and metabolic disorders for mental illness patients.