eGenomics - Next generation biomonitoring of threatened species. DNA is the molecule of life and exists everywhere in the environment as a largely untapped source of information on evolution, biodiversity, and ecosystem health. Our overriding aim is to start mining that information to benefit threatened species. Based on optimized ancient DNA methods, powerful sequencing technology, whole genome analyses, and RNA profiling, we present a novel and holistic framework for genetic biomonitoring. In ....eGenomics - Next generation biomonitoring of threatened species. DNA is the molecule of life and exists everywhere in the environment as a largely untapped source of information on evolution, biodiversity, and ecosystem health. Our overriding aim is to start mining that information to benefit threatened species. Based on optimized ancient DNA methods, powerful sequencing technology, whole genome analyses, and RNA profiling, we present a novel and holistic framework for genetic biomonitoring. In two parallel model systems we will study corals and reptiles to improve environmental detection while simultaneously obtaining information on their population health. This will foster more efficient conservation of endangered species that are of tremendous importance to our marine and terrestrial ecosystems.Read moreRead less
Up in smoke and out to sea? Carbon, water and land use change in savanna. This project aims to improve our understanding of carbon cycling in natural and transformed savannas. It seeks to resolve a large discrepancy in savanna carbon sink size as measured by flux towers compared to long-term direct measures of carbon stock change. This would improve our fundamental understanding of carbon balances (gains/losses) and residence times in these dynamic ecosystems. The long-term impacts of these land ....Up in smoke and out to sea? Carbon, water and land use change in savanna. This project aims to improve our understanding of carbon cycling in natural and transformed savannas. It seeks to resolve a large discrepancy in savanna carbon sink size as measured by flux towers compared to long-term direct measures of carbon stock change. This would improve our fundamental understanding of carbon balances (gains/losses) and residence times in these dynamic ecosystems. The long-term impacts of these land use changes on carbon storage are poorly understood, therefore this new knowledge is vital in determining the viability of 'carbon farming' in these landscapes. More accurate information would guide improved land management given the intensification of land use, weed invasion and fire regime change in northern Australia.Read moreRead less
Dispersal and persistence of large-seeded forest species under global environmental change. This project investigates how decline of a key seed disperser, the emu, due to global environmental change (fragmentation, fire regime change, human population growth, climate change) affects the persistence and migration potential of endemic SW Australian forest plant species. Results will inform approaches to ecosystem management and conservation
Carboxylate exudation and phosphorus acquisition in eucalypts. Eucalypts are thought to rely on mycorrhizas to acquire phosphorus (P). Using leaf manganese concentrations in the field to proxy rhizosphere carboxylates, followed by plant growth in low P-solutions, it was shown that some, but not all eucalypts that grow on P-impoverished soils release carboxylates from their roots. This trait is a strategy of Proteaceae to access soil P, but assumed not to be used by eucalypts. This game-changing ....Carboxylate exudation and phosphorus acquisition in eucalypts. Eucalypts are thought to rely on mycorrhizas to acquire phosphorus (P). Using leaf manganese concentrations in the field to proxy rhizosphere carboxylates, followed by plant growth in low P-solutions, it was shown that some, but not all eucalypts that grow on P-impoverished soils release carboxylates from their roots. This trait is a strategy of Proteaceae to access soil P, but assumed not to be used by eucalypts. This game-changing discovery challenges the current dogma that eucalypts invariably rely on mycorrhizas to acquire P. This project will explore the significance of this newly-described trait for functioning of eucalypts more broadly and produce results that are important for conservation, restoration and forestry activities. Read moreRead less
Does coevolution drive speciation? This project aims to connect micro-evolutionary processes with macro-evolutionary patterns to test the extent to which tightly coupled co-evolutionary interactions between species drive evolutionary diversification. The project will use techniques including the most recent phylogenetic modelling methods, field experiments and molecular genetics. Expected outcomes include advancing understanding of the mechanisms that generate biodiversity and developing new tec ....Does coevolution drive speciation? This project aims to connect micro-evolutionary processes with macro-evolutionary patterns to test the extent to which tightly coupled co-evolutionary interactions between species drive evolutionary diversification. The project will use techniques including the most recent phylogenetic modelling methods, field experiments and molecular genetics. Expected outcomes include advancing understanding of the mechanisms that generate biodiversity and developing new techniques for acquisition of DNA from museum specimens. The project is expected to provide significant benefits, such as insights into the processes that promote new species in nature.Read moreRead less
Ants, plants, diversity and function: trophic interactions and ecosystem function in a large-scale restoration experiment. Food and clean water are but two of the benefits we reap from functioning ecosystems, but we know little about how individual species contribute to making ecosystems work. This project capitalises on the diversity of Australia's ant fauna by using ants as a model taxon to explore the link between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.
Choosing to persist: sexual selection in the wild. This project aims to investigate the role of sexual selection in maintaining healthy wild populations. The prevailing story of sexual selection, in which the sexes either compete for or choose the other sex, has been of extravagant ornaments and displays that drive species to extinction. However, an opposing story has emerged, with elaborate ornaments reflecting a healthy genome and sexual selection instead sweeping away damaging genetic mater ....Choosing to persist: sexual selection in the wild. This project aims to investigate the role of sexual selection in maintaining healthy wild populations. The prevailing story of sexual selection, in which the sexes either compete for or choose the other sex, has been of extravagant ornaments and displays that drive species to extinction. However, an opposing story has emerged, with elaborate ornaments reflecting a healthy genome and sexual selection instead sweeping away damaging genetic material. This project expects to generate new knowledge on the potential for sexual selection to remove harmful mutations in the wild. Expected outcomes include determining if sexual selection can help prevent extinction in wild populations, with direct benefits for conservation programs.Read moreRead less
Fire regimes and demographic responses interact to threaten woody species. This project aims to extend and test an Interval Squeeze conceptual model which predicts fire-climate interaction effects on plant species persistence. Complex processes affect future species persistence, and an evidence-based conceptual framework is needed. Working across two continents, this project will quantify the effects of projected shortening of fire intervals, lower rainfall and elevated temperatures on woody pla ....Fire regimes and demographic responses interact to threaten woody species. This project aims to extend and test an Interval Squeeze conceptual model which predicts fire-climate interaction effects on plant species persistence. Complex processes affect future species persistence, and an evidence-based conceptual framework is needed. Working across two continents, this project will quantify the effects of projected shortening of fire intervals, lower rainfall and elevated temperatures on woody plant species. Field evidence spans global change predictions, ecosystems and species representing key system dominants and functional response types. The project will synthesise this data into larger simulation models and extend its conceptual framework to directly inform conservation and fire management.Read moreRead less
Integrating niches, interactions and dispersal in species distribution models. This proposal aims to develop a framework for statistical modelling that integrates across spatial scales and disentangles the processes of environmental tolerance, biotic interactions and dispersal. Understanding the processes that drive species distributions and ecological communities is central to ecology and environmental management. This knowledge can be used to anticipate the impacts of environmental change on e ....Integrating niches, interactions and dispersal in species distribution models. This proposal aims to develop a framework for statistical modelling that integrates across spatial scales and disentangles the processes of environmental tolerance, biotic interactions and dispersal. Understanding the processes that drive species distributions and ecological communities is central to ecology and environmental management. This knowledge can be used to anticipate the impacts of environmental change on ecosystems, and the likely benefits of interventions. Current statistical models limit the data that can be used and the ecological questions that can be answered. This project expects to improve our ability to predict species distributions under changed environments given interacting species and dispersal across the landscape.Read moreRead less
Origin and evolution of plant functional traits in relation to fire. This project addresses the fundamental question as to what extent the Australian flora is adapted to fire by tracing the evolutionary history of the iconic family Proteaceae over the last 100 million years. The answer to this question has significant implications for informing Australia’s fire management and nature conservation policies.