Protecting tomato crops from Fusarium wilt through the efficient application of new genetic resources. The tomato industry is a major horticultural industry in Australia, and Queensland is the major producer of tomatoes for the fresh food market. In Queensland, the tomato industry has expanded in the face of the threat that Fusarium wilt could re-emerge as a major disease problem. This research will ensure that measures can be taken quickly and efficiently to protect existing genetic resources u ....Protecting tomato crops from Fusarium wilt through the efficient application of new genetic resources. The tomato industry is a major horticultural industry in Australia, and Queensland is the major producer of tomatoes for the fresh food market. In Queensland, the tomato industry has expanded in the face of the threat that Fusarium wilt could re-emerge as a major disease problem. This research will ensure that measures can be taken quickly and efficiently to protect existing genetic resources used to control Fusarium wilt. It will also improve our knowledge about the mechanisms plants use to defend themselves against Fusarium wilt diseases.Read moreRead less
Development of Novel Pesticidal Agents. We have discovered a family of naturally occurring plant proteins called the cyclotides that have potent insecticidal activity against Helicoverpa species, one of the major pests on cotton and corn in Australia and world wide. Preliminary evidence has shown that they also have activity against major pests to livestock in Australia, including sheep blowflies. To develop these proteins as potential pesticidal agents it is necessary to understand the struct ....Development of Novel Pesticidal Agents. We have discovered a family of naturally occurring plant proteins called the cyclotides that have potent insecticidal activity against Helicoverpa species, one of the major pests on cotton and corn in Australia and world wide. Preliminary evidence has shown that they also have activity against major pests to livestock in Australia, including sheep blowflies. To develop these proteins as potential pesticidal agents it is necessary to understand the structural basis for their activity. We will do this by chemically synthesising peptides with selected residues mutated to determine their effects on activity.Read moreRead less
Pathogen recognition and plant-defence activation by a novel Fusarium wilt-resistance protein from tomato. The devastating effects of Fusarium wilt disease of tomato is a threat to one of Australia's most economically important horticultural crops. Resistant tomato varieties offer the most effective means of control but the fundamental mechanisms underlying this resistance are yet to be understood. This research will increase our understanding of resistance to Fusarium wilt disease. The knowledg ....Pathogen recognition and plant-defence activation by a novel Fusarium wilt-resistance protein from tomato. The devastating effects of Fusarium wilt disease of tomato is a threat to one of Australia's most economically important horticultural crops. Resistant tomato varieties offer the most effective means of control but the fundamental mechanisms underlying this resistance are yet to be understood. This research will increase our understanding of resistance to Fusarium wilt disease. The knowledge gained will assist in the development of new robust, sustainable approaches to disease control, as well as the development of pre-emptive strategies to avert major outbreaks, which will ensure reliable productivity and minimal economic losses into the future.Read moreRead less
Control of sucrose source/sink status by the plant immune system. This project aims to investigate the roles of plant malectin receptor kinases in pathogen recognition and response. The project will utilise molecular and cell biological tools to detect complex formation and changes in sugar import into cells. Expected outcomes of this project include a better understanding of how pathogens manipulate plant cells to their benefit, and greater knowledge of which host molecules participate in this ....Control of sucrose source/sink status by the plant immune system. This project aims to investigate the roles of plant malectin receptor kinases in pathogen recognition and response. The project will utilise molecular and cell biological tools to detect complex formation and changes in sugar import into cells. Expected outcomes of this project include a better understanding of how pathogens manipulate plant cells to their benefit, and greater knowledge of which host molecules participate in this process. This should provide significant benefits such as a new theoretical basis to engineer crop plants for resistance against devastating diseases.Read moreRead less
Protection of Botanical Innovation: A legal analysis of the scope and operation of national and international plant breeder's rights. Plants play a crucial role in Australian society: they are a major source of nutrition, shelter, clothing, fuel, medicines and aesthetic pleasure. They also make an important contribution to the Australian economy. The legislative regime established under the 1994 Plant Breeder's Rights Act was designed to promote research, investment and innovation in Australian ....Protection of Botanical Innovation: A legal analysis of the scope and operation of national and international plant breeder's rights. Plants play a crucial role in Australian society: they are a major source of nutrition, shelter, clothing, fuel, medicines and aesthetic pleasure. They also make an important contribution to the Australian economy. The legislative regime established under the 1994 Plant Breeder's Rights Act was designed to promote research, investment and innovation in Australian plant breeding. A lack of familiarity and widespread misunderstanding mean that the system is under-utilised with adverse consequences for plant innovation and Australia's economy. This groundbreaking research will provide a comprehensive analysis of plant breeder's rights in Australia to maximise understanding and awareness amongst key stakeholders.Read moreRead less
MicroRNA control of gene expression and development in plants. Controlling a gene's activity is fundamental in biotechnology, from dissecting a gene's function to introducing desired traits in crop plants. Recently a new class of genes have been identified that are 'master-regulators' able to control the activity of many genes, and through this, they can ultimately control how an organism develops and functions. By understanding how these genes operate and the extent of their influence, not only ....MicroRNA control of gene expression and development in plants. Controlling a gene's activity is fundamental in biotechnology, from dissecting a gene's function to introducing desired traits in crop plants. Recently a new class of genes have been identified that are 'master-regulators' able to control the activity of many genes, and through this, they can ultimately control how an organism develops and functions. By understanding how these genes operate and the extent of their influence, not only will we gain greater insights into the gene regulatory networks required for multicellular life, but how we may develop methods of controlling gene activity that will have tremendous biotechnological applications.Read moreRead less
Improving plant reproductive success under heat stress: A sweet approach. This project aims to determine how genetic manipulation of cell wall invertase (CWIN) activity could regulate pollen germination, elongation and fruit set under heat stress using tomato as a model. Plant reproductive processes are highly susceptible to heat stress, which often leads to pollination failure and fruit and seed abortion, hence irreversible yield loss. Research has established that CWIN-mediated sugar metabolis ....Improving plant reproductive success under heat stress: A sweet approach. This project aims to determine how genetic manipulation of cell wall invertase (CWIN) activity could regulate pollen germination, elongation and fruit set under heat stress using tomato as a model. Plant reproductive processes are highly susceptible to heat stress, which often leads to pollination failure and fruit and seed abortion, hence irreversible yield loss. Research has established that CWIN-mediated sugar metabolism and signaling may play crucial roles in pollen growth and fruit set under heat stress. The intended outcome is the generation of critical knowledge that will advance understanding on reproductive development under heat stress, thereby providing significant benefits, such as novel ideas and solutions for improving crop yield.Read moreRead less
Novel cell wall genes ripe for the picking. This project aims to investigate the role of recently discovered plant cellulose synthase-like CslM genes and to define the polysaccharide product associated with them. Successful identification of the polysaccharide is highly likely to increase our fundamental understanding of how cell walls are made, how cells stick together or fall apart as well as facilitating the training of the next generation of cell wall biologists in challenging molecular and ....Novel cell wall genes ripe for the picking. This project aims to investigate the role of recently discovered plant cellulose synthase-like CslM genes and to define the polysaccharide product associated with them. Successful identification of the polysaccharide is highly likely to increase our fundamental understanding of how cell walls are made, how cells stick together or fall apart as well as facilitating the training of the next generation of cell wall biologists in challenging molecular and biochemical techniques. This new knowledge could increase our understanding of fruit ripening, and how it might be manipulated. This could have significant downstream commercial benefits if applied to breeding programs of economically important fruit such as grapes, tomatoes and strawberries.Read moreRead less
Targeting of lipid transfer proteins and other secreted plant defence proteins by pathogen effectors. Australia depends on plant products for much of its export income and plant diseases are a continual threat to these earnings. New insights into plant disease resistance mechanisms will provide new opportunities to find solutions to disease problems. Often this involves transfer of knowledge gained in simple model plant systems to more complicated crop plant systems. Work on the role of lipid tr ....Targeting of lipid transfer proteins and other secreted plant defence proteins by pathogen effectors. Australia depends on plant products for much of its export income and plant diseases are a continual threat to these earnings. New insights into plant disease resistance mechanisms will provide new opportunities to find solutions to disease problems. Often this involves transfer of knowledge gained in simple model plant systems to more complicated crop plant systems. Work on the role of lipid transfer proteins in the tomato model system will advance our knowledge of fundamental disease and disease resistance processes and ultimately enable technological innovations to improve disease resistance, reduce pesticide usage and lower crop production costs.Read moreRead less
Psyllids as biosecurity threats to plantation and native eucalypts in Australia and internationally. Psyllids are tiny cicada-like insects that are economic pests of forestry and horticulture because the saliva injected when feeding causes leaf death and some vector plant diseases. Advanced technologies and procedures will be used to determine what makes plants susceptible to psyllids and to improve Australian preparedness ahead of an incursion.