Next-generation technology for determining fitness-for-use of starches in cereal grains. The project will deliver a new methodology to characterize starch-containing materials such as grains. This will provide the first tools to readily measure the full size distribution of starch in industry laboratories, giving far more information than is currently accessible. The data will be extremely sensitive to structural characteristics associated with desirable end-use properties. The new process will ....Next-generation technology for determining fitness-for-use of starches in cereal grains. The project will deliver a new methodology to characterize starch-containing materials such as grains. This will provide the first tools to readily measure the full size distribution of starch in industry laboratories, giving far more information than is currently accessible. The data will be extremely sensitive to structural characteristics associated with desirable end-use properties. The new process will enable conventional instrumentation methodology to be re-engineered to better select starch-containing materials. This will enable superior targeting and processing of materials for improved products in human nutrition, animal feed and manufactured goods such as biodegradable plastics.Read moreRead less
Establishing the relations between starch nano- and mesostructure and macroscopic physical properties. Starch is the major energy component within human diets, and the most abundant polymer that can be readily extracted from annual crop plants, leading to many actual and potential industrial applications. There are major opportunities to optimise the nutritional value of starches in the human diet, and to enhance the properties of extracted starches as renewable alternatives to petrochemical pol ....Establishing the relations between starch nano- and mesostructure and macroscopic physical properties. Starch is the major energy component within human diets, and the most abundant polymer that can be readily extracted from annual crop plants, leading to many actual and potential industrial applications. There are major opportunities to optimise the nutritional value of starches in the human diet, and to enhance the properties of extracted starches as renewable alternatives to petrochemical polymers. This project will open up our understanding of the structure of starch polymers and show how this relates to important properties such as enzyme digestibility rates, leading to new opportunities for public health and commercial benefits.Read moreRead less
Cellulose-based composites as models for primary plant cell walls of cereals and grasses. Cereals and grasses are the lynchpins of the Australian Agri-Food industry. Cell walls provide shape, form and barrier properties to the plant and are the basis for both post-harvest mechanical properties and direct nutritional benefits. There is as yet no validated model for the molecular assembly, architecture and mechanical behaviour of cereal/grass cell walls. This project aims to derive such a model, s ....Cellulose-based composites as models for primary plant cell walls of cereals and grasses. Cereals and grasses are the lynchpins of the Australian Agri-Food industry. Cell walls provide shape, form and barrier properties to the plant and are the basis for both post-harvest mechanical properties and direct nutritional benefits. There is as yet no validated model for the molecular assembly, architecture and mechanical behaviour of cereal/grass cell walls. This project aims to derive such a model, so that predictions can be made concerning the effects of tailoring either plant composition (e.g. at the gene level) or post-harvest treatment in order to achieve desired plant or food properties. The findings will also be relevant to understanding how individual features of cell walls affect digestibility and nutritional properties.Read moreRead less
Microstructure and Rheology of Starch-Gelatine confectionery products as a function of manufacturing process. We propose to develop a novel continuous extrusion process for manufacturing confectionery jellies. Jellies are traditionally manufactured in a multi-step labour and capital-intensive batch process with inter-batch variability and difficult to automate. Continuous processes offer many advantages including high throughput, efficiency, straightforward automation including quality monitorin ....Microstructure and Rheology of Starch-Gelatine confectionery products as a function of manufacturing process. We propose to develop a novel continuous extrusion process for manufacturing confectionery jellies. Jellies are traditionally manufactured in a multi-step labour and capital-intensive batch process with inter-batch variability and difficult to automate. Continuous processes offer many advantages including high throughput, efficiency, straightforward automation including quality monitoring and control. They are little used in this industry because of the inability to relate product requirements through fundamental microstructural properties to processing conditions. This project addresses these key technical obstacles to gain the competitive advantage of continuous extrusion processing, through advanced mathematical modelling informed by experimentation. The proposed techniques derive from advanced polymer processing and characterisation capabilities.Read moreRead less
Factors controlling higher-level starch structure. In a new paradigm for cereal chemistry, we will link structural and functional genomics to a mechanistic understanding of starch polymer structure. By using our novel characterization techniques, we will obtain the first data on the complex multiscale structure of starch in cereal grains that will be sensitive to the mechanisms of starch biosynthesis. These results will enable us to identify the genetic and environmental factors that, separately ....Factors controlling higher-level starch structure. In a new paradigm for cereal chemistry, we will link structural and functional genomics to a mechanistic understanding of starch polymer structure. By using our novel characterization techniques, we will obtain the first data on the complex multiscale structure of starch in cereal grains that will be sensitive to the mechanisms of starch biosynthesis. These results will enable us to identify the genetic and environmental factors that, separately and together, control starch structure in a range of cereals. This knowledge will provide a powerful tool for plant breeders and biotechnologists to produce cereals with improved properties.Read moreRead less
Developing a smart supervisory control system for pan stage operations in sugar factories. This project aims to develop a prototype smart supervisory control system for pan stage crystallisation operations in raw sugar processing. Intelligent systems technologies will be tailored to provide a standardised approach for pan operations by using key process measurements and combining them with the collective expertise and knowledge of pan operators. This project will lead to a significant advance in ....Developing a smart supervisory control system for pan stage operations in sugar factories. This project aims to develop a prototype smart supervisory control system for pan stage crystallisation operations in raw sugar processing. Intelligent systems technologies will be tailored to provide a standardised approach for pan operations by using key process measurements and combining them with the collective expertise and knowledge of pan operators. This project will lead to a significant advance in the development of intelligent systems techniques for industrial applications and provide a better decision making strategy for pan stage operations with the benefit of reduced costs of sugar manufacture and increased profitability of the Australian sugar industry.Read moreRead less
The first structure/function-derived starches for the food and related industries. The project will use equipment and theory, developed in Australia, to create the first understanding of the characteristics that govern the performance of complex polymers as emulsifiers. The insights so gained will be a key step towards developing improved modified starches for the food and other industries. These advances will also provide the science by which new modified starches can be produced from sorghum, ....The first structure/function-derived starches for the food and related industries. The project will use equipment and theory, developed in Australia, to create the first understanding of the characteristics that govern the performance of complex polymers as emulsifiers. The insights so gained will be a key step towards developing improved modified starches for the food and other industries. These advances will also provide the science by which new modified starches can be produced from sorghum, a drought-resistant crop well suited to Australia.Read moreRead less
N-Acetyl Cysteine In Schizophrenia Resistant To Clozapine: A Double-Blind Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial Targeting Negative Symptoms
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$981,789.00
Summary
Many patients with schizophrenia remain treatment resistant even after “last resort” medications like clozapine. This proposal will conduct a novel multi-site randomised placebo controlled trial of adjunctive N-acetyl cysteine in patients with clozapine resistant schizophrenia. Treatment efficacy will be examined at 8, 26 and 52 weeks.