Many bacterial pathogens invade host cells to replicate and avoid detection by the host. These pathogens interact with the host and by manipulating it to its benefit they establish an environment to survive in. A detailed understanding of the targeted hosts pathways and which are essential for pathogen survival is knowledge that will allow future development of therapeutic intervention strategies.
I am a neuroscientist investigating the functional roles of neurotrophic factors in nervous diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and spinal cord injury. I am also interested in the mechanisms of how these factors are involved in neural development.
Resistant Hypertension: Causes, Consequences, And Novel Therapeutic Approaches
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$713,517.00
Summary
Two thirds of all strokes and half of all coronary artery disease world-wide can be attributed to uncontrolled blood pressure. Patients with resistant hypertension are at specifically high risk. While the exact reasons remain obscure, work from my group suggests that sympathetic nervous system activation represents a common pathway. Based on these findings the ultimate goal of my research program is to develop novel and more effective treatment strategies for resistant hypertension.
Opposite poles of blood pressure disorders will be tested. The first is low blood pressure disorders causing blackouts while standing. My hypothesis is that the mechanism is subnormal reflex sympathetic nervous system responses (the sympathetic nervous system is the stimulant division of the automatic branch of the nervous system(. The second focus is patients with severe high blood pressure, with high sympathetic activity, who I will treat with a device silencing the nerves of the kidneys.
The Physical Activity Continuum In Relation To Cardiometabolic Disease Prevention And Mental Health
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$687,975.00
Summary
Although incidental physical activity and sleep occupy the large majority of people’s time, we know very little about their joint importance for a healthy heart and a healthy mind. This program of research will examine how physical activity of any intensity and sleep influence cardiovascular and mental health. This research will enable health professionals and public health authorities to develop sustainable and realistic evidence-based lifestyle programs to benefit the health of Australians.
Towards A Better Understanding Of The Health Benefits Of Physical Activity: Designing Exercise Mimetic For The Treatment Of Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$938,910.00
Summary
The health benefits of physical activity are well known but the mechanisms linking regular physical activity to chronic disease prevention are poorly understood. We have developed the concept that contracting muscles release factors that have positive effects on other organs in the body. This fellowship will allow me to develop this concept and uncover novel potential therapies that mimic the benefits of exercise.
Understanding And Addressing Socioeconomic Inequalities In Diet, Physical Activity And Obesity
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$714,745.00
Summary
Obesity is one of Australia's most significant public health problems, and is particularly prevalent amongst people experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage (e.g. with low education levels or low incomes). Currently the most effective means of addressing this increased risk is unknown. The proposed research will directly address this evidence gap by generating new knowledge on the causes of and effective strategies for reducing socioeconomic inequalities in diet, physical activity and obesity.
Innovative Methods For Assessing And Intervening On Children’s Sedentary Behaviour And Health
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$745,823.00
Summary
Very little is known about the independent health consequences of time spent sitting among children. This is in part because of the challenges of assessing these behaviours. In addition, evidence of the effectiveness of strategies to reduce children’s sitting time is lacking. This fellowship will use cutting-edge techniques to objectively assess children’s sitting time and will also examine the effectiveness of interventions to reduce sitting time and promote health.
Too Much Sitting And Too Little Exercise: Addressing Chronic Disease In Ageing Populations
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$863,910.00
Summary
Better approaches to type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and breast and colon cancer are needed for middle-aged and older Australians. It is well-known that their health can be improved by regular exercising, but this has so far proven to be difficult for the majority. Through researching an ‘activity spectrum’ approach involving less sitting and more-varied real-life activities, Professor Owen and his team will identify practical new ways to prevent and manage the burden of these chronic diseases.