Evaluating Novel Methods For Delivering Non-pharmacological Interventions For Dyspnoea In Cancer Patients
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$506,036.00
Summary
Dyspnoea, or breathlessness, can be a common and distressing problem for people with lung cancer. This study aims to test the effectiveness of a patient education program which includes breathing exercises and psychosocial support for helping patients with lung cancer to control their dyspnoea. The education program is novel in that it applies best available evidence about methods for providing information and support for people with cancer to enhance the effectiveness of the intervention. The s ....Dyspnoea, or breathlessness, can be a common and distressing problem for people with lung cancer. This study aims to test the effectiveness of a patient education program which includes breathing exercises and psychosocial support for helping patients with lung cancer to control their dyspnoea. The education program is novel in that it applies best available evidence about methods for providing information and support for people with cancer to enhance the effectiveness of the intervention. The study will test whether the intervention reduces a patients' feelings of breathlessness, improves their ability to function, and minimises their emotional distress. The intervention being evaluated in this study has been developed so that it can be readily incorporated into routine clinical practice. The study will also examine the effectiveness of this intervention over time, to identify which patients may benefit from this approach and at what times the intervention may be of most use. The information gained from this study will provide more specific guidance to practitioners for targeting intervention approaches to each individual patient's needs.Read moreRead less
Randomised Double-blind Controlled Trial Of Oxygen Versus Air To Palliate Intractable End-of-life Dyspnoea When Pa02 >55
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$463,318.00
Summary
Shortness of breath at the end-of-life is one of the most feared symptoms. Unlike most other symptoms, it worsens as death approaches. Despite the fact that more than 50,000 Australian will die an expected death in the next year, of whom the majority will have breathlessness toward the end-of-life, we know little about how best to treat this symptom. Oxygen is frequently introduced but we have not identified whether it is more effective than medical air, and, if it is more effective, which patie ....Shortness of breath at the end-of-life is one of the most feared symptoms. Unlike most other symptoms, it worsens as death approaches. Despite the fact that more than 50,000 Australian will die an expected death in the next year, of whom the majority will have breathlessness toward the end-of-life, we know little about how best to treat this symptom. Oxygen is frequently introduced but we have not identified whether it is more effective than medical air, and, if it is more effective, which patients would most benefit from it. Because of this lack of evidence, oxygen is only funded in Australia in community settings for people who have severely low oxygen levels in their blood. Palliative oxygen is provided on a compassionate basis at times but this is on an ad hoc basis and does not ensure equitable access for people at the end of life who experience shortness of breath. This multi-centre study will compare oxygen and air, with neither the participant nor caring clinicians knowing which treatment they will receive. After careful explanation, volunteers who agree to participate will be asked to use the oxygen machine for at least 15 hours each day for 7 days and fill out a diary twice each day. Five centres across Australia are planning to enroll 240 participants in this study. Outcomes will include whether the sensation of breathlessness has improved, the overall quality of life while being treated, the ability to perform activities of daily living and any side effects experienced. This study is eagerly awaited by clinicians and health planners not only in Australia but in North America and Europe. This study will provide data in a long-standing international debate about the role of oxygen in people with relatively normal levels of oxygen in their blood who suffer from shortness of breath at the end-of-life.Read moreRead less
Systematic Expansion Of The Clinical Evidence Base In Opioid Prescribing For Refractory Dyspnoea At The End Of Life
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$414,535.00
Summary
Morphine can relieve breathlessness in the palliative setting. But many important questions remain. What is the best dose, should the dose change over time, do different medications provide the same relief, and how common is dyspnoea in the general population? This three part project will extend our knowledge to answer these questions. Population data will provide critical background to plan best care for future palliative patients distressed by breathlessness.
Does Palliative Chemotherapy Improve Symptoms In Women With Recurrent Ovarian Cancer?
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$521,878.00
Summary
This is a study in women who have relapsed ovarian cancer, and who are about to start further chemotherapy. Subjects will answer questions about their quality of life in order to measure any improvement in their symptoms and well being in response to palliative treatment. The study will relate subjects own reporting of improvement with their actual clinical response. The aim of this study is to develop an optimal palliative chemotherapy regime for use in future clinical trials.
Experimental Investigation Of Driving Impairment In Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$466,764.00
Summary
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) affects 2-4% of the adult population. Repetitive throat obstructions at night lead to sleep disturbance and oxygen deprivation which in turn lead to excessive daytime sleepiness and poor concentration. Studies in severely affected OSA patients have demonstrated driving simulator performance impairment and a 2-7 fold increased rate of motor vehicle accidents. Current data suggest that up to 50,000 MVAs may be caused each year in Australia by OSA. While driving impair ....Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) affects 2-4% of the adult population. Repetitive throat obstructions at night lead to sleep disturbance and oxygen deprivation which in turn lead to excessive daytime sleepiness and poor concentration. Studies in severely affected OSA patients have demonstrated driving simulator performance impairment and a 2-7 fold increased rate of motor vehicle accidents. Current data suggest that up to 50,000 MVAs may be caused each year in Australia by OSA. While driving impairment and increased crash risk in severe OSA seems clear it is not known whether patients with mild-moderate disease are also affected. This is an important question since patients with mild-moderate disease make up the great majority of OSA sufferers and therefore potentially pose the greatest concern for overall public safety. This study will determine whether mild-moderate, as well as severe, OSA is associated with driving impairment. The study will also determine how partial sleep deprivation and low dose alcohol impact on driving performance in OSA. These two behaviours are considered part of the norm for modern societies, yet we recently showed that they act synergistically to markedly impair driving in healthy subjects. We suspect that years of prior sleep disturbance and oxygen deprivation will render OSA sufferers more vulnerable to the effects of these additional central nervous system insults. Finally, we will determine how well driving impairment in severe OSA responds to nose mask CPAP treatment. We will find out what minimum level of treatment adherence is needed to produce significant improvement and whether driving impairment is ever truly reversed. The information obtained in this study will inform and significantly improve patient care,fitness to drive guidelines and driver safety campaigns.Read moreRead less
The Effectiveness Of A Responsible Hospitality Audit And Feedback Intervention To Reduce Alcohol Related Harm
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$466,875.00
Summary
Alcohol is a major cause of death, injury and illness in Australia accounting for over 3,000 deaths and over 72,000 hospital admissions each year. Excessive drinking is estimated to cost the Australian community $7,560 million each year, representing 22% of all drug-related harm. Alcohol is a significant contributor to the occurrence of violence and crime. It is estimated that up to 70% of incidents attended by the police, and 77% of street offences such as assaults and malicious damage to prope ....Alcohol is a major cause of death, injury and illness in Australia accounting for over 3,000 deaths and over 72,000 hospital admissions each year. Excessive drinking is estimated to cost the Australian community $7,560 million each year, representing 22% of all drug-related harm. Alcohol is a significant contributor to the occurrence of violence and crime. It is estimated that up to 70% of incidents attended by the police, and 77% of street offences such as assaults and malicious damage to property, are alcohol-related. It is also estimated that 70% to 80% of night-time single-vehicle accidents are alcohol-related. A large proportion of assaults, offensive behaviour, malicious damage to property and drink driving occur following excessive drinking at licensed premises such as hotels and registered clubs. The risk of harm arising from the consumption of alcohol on licensed premises can be reduced by modifying such factors as service of alcohol to intoxicated patrons, service-supply of alcohol to underage patrons, management practices (eg. late closing) and environmental factors (eg. poor lighting). Auditing of licensed premises is an approach currently used by authorities to ensure compliance with licensing requirements. However, such audits do not focus on harm reduction and do not incorporate best practice audit and behaviour change features. No controlled studies have reported the effectiveness of such an audit approach in reducing the risk of violence and crime emanating from hotels and registered clubs. The proposed study aims to assess the effectiveness of a Responsible Hospitality Audit and feedback intervention in reducing service to intoxicated and underage patrons, and in reducing assaults-malicious damage to property following alcohol consumption on licensed premises. The outcomes of this study will be improved responsible service of alcohol actions and reduced alcohol-related crime associated with premises.Read moreRead less