AusCAN Risk Assessment For Sitting Acquired Pressure Ulcers
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,707,297.00
Summary
Sitting acquired pressure ulcers are one of the major complications that occur after spinal cord injury. This project will determine factors that are associated with the development of sitting acquired pressure ulcers after spinal cord injury; and will develop a risk assessment tool that can identify those at high risk of pressure ulcer development. The cost of treating a pressure ulcer will also be assessed. This will enable cost-effective preventive treatment to be used in these individuals.
Deciphering The Metabolic And Endocrine Profile Of Healthy Adipocytes
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$563,194.00
Summary
Obesity is associated with the development of metabolic diseases, however, it is becoming clear that it is where the excess fat is stored that is more important when predicting the health risks associated with obesity. This project aims to identify whether adipocyte progenitor cells, which eventually become fat cells, are ‘preprogrammed’ and whether differences in these cells explain the generation of either healthy or unhealthy fat in different locations of the body.
Comparison Of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells And Induced Pluripotent Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells For Periodontal Regeneration
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$831,955.00
Summary
In the first part of this study we will determine whether induced pluripotent stem cells or adult stem cells from the periodontal ligament are better candidates for periodontal regeneration. Secondly, using CAD/CAM technology we will make tissue engineering scaffolds tailored to fit periodontal defects and seeded with stem cells to improve on current techniques used to regenerate damaged tissues around teeth affected by periodontal disease.
Investigating Human Keratinocyte Stem Cells And Their Microenvironmental Niche
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$570,928.00
Summary
The stem cells in the outer protective layers of the epithelium of the skin (keratinocyte stem cells), possess an intrinsically high capability to regenerate tissue. However, this tissue regenerative ability can be enhanced by interactions with microenvironmental elements i.e. connective tissue cells and proteins. This study seeks to investigate specific keratinocyte-microenvironment interactions which will ultimately be used to improve current methods for generating skin tissue for burns patien ....The stem cells in the outer protective layers of the epithelium of the skin (keratinocyte stem cells), possess an intrinsically high capability to regenerate tissue. However, this tissue regenerative ability can be enhanced by interactions with microenvironmental elements i.e. connective tissue cells and proteins. This study seeks to investigate specific keratinocyte-microenvironment interactions which will ultimately be used to improve current methods for generating skin tissue for burns patients.Read moreRead less
Osteochondroreticular Stem Cell Therapy For Osteoarthritis: The Right Cells For The Job.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$561,956.00
Summary
"Wear and tear" arthritis of the knee, hip and back joints is known as osteoarthritis. This causes significant health burden and costs in our community, particularly in older Australians. Osteoarthritis begins with the loss of joint cartilage. We believe that a new type of stem cells (OCR stem cells) offer the greatest promise to generate and thus therapeutically replace joint cartilage. Our studies test this hypothesis and develop preclinical translation of our discoveries in mice into humans.
Unraveling Mechanisms Of Liver Transplant Tolerance
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$694,822.00
Summary
Liver transplants are unique amongst solid organs as they are spontaneously accepted across different individuals and induce acceptance of other organs from the same donor co-transplanted at the same time. Using a new mouse liver transplantation model, this proposal will elucidate how the liver tissue performs this function and identify new markers associated with tolerance in the blood of mice. This knowledge will be used to identify liver transplant patients with reduced rejection risk.
Impaired Respiratory Tolerance In Obesity - The Link With Asthma?
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$667,294.00
Summary
Australia has one of the highest obesity rates in the world, placing a major strain on health budgets. Obesity increases the risk of numerous diseases, including asthma. Asthma is prevented in healthy people by the immune system. This project will investigate whether obesity-related dietary factors and/or gut microbes impair this immune-mediated mechanism. Outcomes will increase understanding of the effects of diet and obesity on asthma development, and lead to novel asthma therapies.
Deciphering How TCR Affinity Regulates CD4 T Cell Help In Immunity And Autoimmunity
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$850,885.00
Summary
Immune responses require the coordinated interaction and cross-talk between two types of white blood cells known as CD4 and CD8 T cells. A dysregulated interaction between these cells could be the cause of autoimmune and persistent infections by pathogens leading to chronic diseases. The aim of this proposal is to provide a deeper understanding of CD4/CD8 T cell interactions to improve immune outcomes in many chronic diseases in which interaction between these two immune cells is critical.
The Impact Of Obesity On Immunological Tolerance Of The Fetus
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$378,366.00
Summary
Obesity increases the risk of miscarriage during pregnancy. The reasons for this are not known, although it is thought that abnormal levels of hormones and metabolic parameters are a contributing factor. We hypothesise that the immune system plays a role. In this project we will determine if obesity upsets the fine-tuning of the immune system that is crucial for successful pregnancy. Understanding the reason behind adverse pregnancy outcome will allow appropriate management of maternal obesity.
Prevention Of Autoimmune Diabetes By Immune Tolerance To Proinsulin
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$504,597.00
Summary
In type 1 diabetes, insulin is the first target of the immune system. Strategies to prevent the immune system targeting insulin in mice early in the disease process work, but it is not clear if such strategies would be effective if applied late. This is important because preventive therapies for human type 1 diabetes are currently feasible only late in the disease process. We aim to address this by removing T cells specific for insulin at different stages of the disease.