Understanding The Disease Burden And Antibiotic Resistance In Patients With Bloodstream Infections Caused By Enterobacteriaceae In Australia
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$135,285.00
Summary
This study aims to establish the epidemiology of bloodstream infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae (enteric or gut bacteria) in Australia, by examining infection rates, types of antibiotic resistance present, and which treatments optimise clinical outcomes.
Systems-level Characterisation And Therapeutic Targeting Of Small RNAs In Acinetobacter Baumannii Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$581,990.00
Summary
This proposal aims to understand how a superbug that causes severe infections in hospitalised patients worldwide and is known to be resistant to almost all available antibiotics, causes disease. We then plan on using this information to guide the development of a new type of therapy to treat this severe infection.
Tackling Urgent Antimicrobial Resistance Threats In Australia—in Action
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$318,768.00
Summary
Antimicrobial resistance is a major global concern, there are limited new treatment options and current resistance surveillance practices have limitations. As a part of this fellowship I will collaborate with industry partners, utilise geographical mapping and novel DNA sequencing technologies with a view to enhance resistance surveillance for gonorrhoea and other public health threats, inform new treatment strategies and better understand the spread of gonorrhoea in the population.
The Impact Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Biofilm On Eye Infection And The Development Of Antimicrobial Contact Lenses
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$328,932.00
Summary
Worldwide, 125 million people correct their vision through the use of contact lenses. Contact lens use predisposes the wearer to sight threatening eye infections. Despite advanced material technology and improved hygiene regimens, the rate of contact lens-related infectious disease has remained constant. This research aims to elucidate how bacteria compromise the ocular immune system in order to develop preventative/therapeutic strategies to combat ocular infections.
Defining Burden And Drivers Of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria And Healthcare Infections To Plan Cost-effective Interventions
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$340,891.00
Summary
I am an Infectious Diseases physician and early career researcher with interests in drug resistant infections and hospital infections. The research program will describe the threat of drug-resistant infections by demonstrating which superbugs have the greatest impact and by describing how these bacteria disperse through our health system. The research will evaluate and prioritise strategies to confront these problems.
Combating E. Coli Diarrhoea By Disarming Bacterial Virulence
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$674,737.00
Summary
E. coli causes severe and persistent diarrhoea which affects the health of millions of people worldwide. Although antibiotics may alleviate E. coli diarrhoea, these bacteria are becoming resistant to most drugs. In this study, we will use state-of-the-art technology to discover novel types of drug that treat and prevent infection with E. coli, without harming the beneficial bacteria in the gut.
Novel Antimicrobials That Target Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$617,525.00
Summary
Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) cause acute and persistent diarrhoea which affect the health of millions of children each year. In this study, we will use the state-of-the-art-technology to identify small synthetic-compounds that inhibit the virulence of EPEC without affecting normal microflora. Molecular, cellular and animal tests of the compounds will be carried out to determine whether they can be used to treat gastrointestinal infection by EPEC.
Multidrug Recognition And Resistance In Staphylococcus Aureus
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$598,978.00
Summary
Strains of Staphylococcus aureus (Golden Staph), resistant to almost all available anti-staphylococcal agents, are responsible for serious infections among patients; in some hospitals such outbreaks reach epidemic proportions. Resistance has emerged to all classes of antimicrobial agents. We will increase our understanding of proteins that confer resistance by pumping multiple antimicrobials out of the cell to ultimately design more effective antibacterials able to bypass such drug pumps.
Molecular Genetics And Evolution Of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococci
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$432,750.00
Summary
Potentially life-threatening infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, commonly known as Golden Staph, often arise as complications in patients within hospitals. These infections compromise the health of the patient and jeopardise their recovery from the condition for which they were initially admitted, which significantly increases healthcare costs. Golden Staph is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections in Australia and globally. The problem is largely due to the presence in h ....Potentially life-threatening infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, commonly known as Golden Staph, often arise as complications in patients within hospitals. These infections compromise the health of the patient and jeopardise their recovery from the condition for which they were initially admitted, which significantly increases healthcare costs. Golden Staph is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections in Australia and globally. The problem is largely due to the presence in hospitals of strains that are resistant to most clinically-useful antibiotics and are therefore very difficult to eradicate; the recent isolation of strains highly-resistant to one of the last resort anti-staphylococcal antibiotics, vancomycin, is particularly worrying. The emergence of these multiresistant strains is primarily attributable to the acquisition of pre-existing resistance determinants by cell-to-cell gene transfer, a process in which plasmids, extra-chromosomal DNA elements, play a prominent role. Staphylococcal multiresistance plasmids carry genes that can confer resistance to up to 20 antimicrobial agents and are themselves capable of transfer between bacterial cells. In this project, we will define the molecular mechanisms by which staphylococcal multiresistance plasmids efficiently replicate in the host cell and are stably maintained in growing bacterial populations or when acquired by a new host after transfer; such mechanisms may well provide novel drug targets. The results will also lead to the development of improved methods for the characterisation of clinical strains and the monitoring of antibiotic resistance, and will be of broad relevance to the problem of antimicrobial resistance in bacterial pathogens. Most importantly, the application of knowledge arising from these studies to the design and implementation of rational antibiotic usage policies has the potential to extend the efficacy of existing and future anti-staphylococcal therapies.Read moreRead less
Identifying Key Players In The Spread Of Antimicrobial Resistance
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$817,448.00
Summary
Antibiotic drugs are essential to treat bacterial infections. However some bacteria have genes that allow them to resist certain drugs, which can be transferred among bacteria to create 'superbugs' that can resist nearly all the drugs we have. This project investigates the transfer of drug resistance genes between Gram negative bacteria (common agents of food poisoning, hospital infection, UTI, etc) and aims to identify the bacteria and genes most important in the spread of superbugs in Australi ....Antibiotic drugs are essential to treat bacterial infections. However some bacteria have genes that allow them to resist certain drugs, which can be transferred among bacteria to create 'superbugs' that can resist nearly all the drugs we have. This project investigates the transfer of drug resistance genes between Gram negative bacteria (common agents of food poisoning, hospital infection, UTI, etc) and aims to identify the bacteria and genes most important in the spread of superbugs in Australia.Read moreRead less