Identification Of Genes Involved In Neural Crest Development
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$482,310.00
Summary
Knowledge of the genes that during embryonic development control the way our bodies form is necessary to understanding how our body systems function in health and disease. However, research on the developmental genetics of vertebrates, including humans, has proceeded very indirectly, mostly by looking for genes similar to those found in other biological systems, most notably the fruit fly. The significance of this research is that it will identify developmental genes directly from the chosen ver ....Knowledge of the genes that during embryonic development control the way our bodies form is necessary to understanding how our body systems function in health and disease. However, research on the developmental genetics of vertebrates, including humans, has proceeded very indirectly, mostly by looking for genes similar to those found in other biological systems, most notably the fruit fly. The significance of this research is that it will identify developmental genes directly from the chosen vertebrate body system as it develops. As a body system we will choose one of the most basic building blocks of the very early nervous system. This building block is an embryonic organ called the Neural Crest that later goes on to form important parts of the nervous system, but in addition it also forms major parts of the head and face, glands in the neck, the large arteries leading out from the heart, and pigment cells (melanocytes) in the skin. It is particularly important to gain insight into development of this organ because the tissues that derive from the neural crest are the most at risk for birth defects and for childhood cancers. Knowledge of neural crest development also tells us about our own evolution, because the neural crest is the only major system found only in vertebrates including humans.Read moreRead less
Redefining Proprioceptive Circuitry At A Molecular Level
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$564,482.00
Summary
Neurons form an extensive series of connections to relay information across the entire body. It is essential to understand how neurons know to find their way, and form the right connections, in a developing animal. This project will investigate the genes which control formation of neural circuits that are essential for correct movement.
Defects In Epidermal Morphogenesis In Mammalian Grainyhead-like Gene Deficient Mice
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$623,065.00
Summary
The cells of the skin play an essential role in development of the mammalian embryo. They are critical for closure of the brain and spinal cord, for forming a protective barrier against infection and noxious stimuli, for preventing excess fluid loss, for repair of defects and wounds, and for the generation of hair. Our laboratory has identified a family of genes that are critical for all these processes. Loss of individual members of the family has different consequences and the aim of this stud ....The cells of the skin play an essential role in development of the mammalian embryo. They are critical for closure of the brain and spinal cord, for forming a protective barrier against infection and noxious stimuli, for preventing excess fluid loss, for repair of defects and wounds, and for the generation of hair. Our laboratory has identified a family of genes that are critical for all these processes. Loss of individual members of the family has different consequences and the aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the genes to further our understanding of the skin and its functions. These studies have direct and important relevance to human conditions such as the congenital birth defects spina bifida and anencephaly, and infant prematurity where the skin is underdeveloped and lacks barrier function. They also have relevance to wound healing and to conditions in which hair growth is affected, such as alopecia. We believe that therapeutic interventions and prenatal diagnostic tests could evolve from these studies.Read moreRead less
Identification Of Novel Regulatory Factors In Midbrain Development To Improve Cell Therapies For The Treatment Of Parkinson’s Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$311,860.00
Summary
Cell transplantation is one of the most promising therapeutic strategies for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Cells are transplanted directly into the brain of the patient and can compensate for those lost to the disease. In this project we are identifying new genes that regulate the normal development of the transplanted cells in mice. We hope to use this knowledge to improve the reliability and effectiveness of the approach, bringing the therapy closer to the clinic.
Epilepsy And Stress: An Explanatory Electrophysiological Model
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$100,233.00
Summary
Epilepsy is one of the most common recurrent neurological disorders worldwide, affecting between 1 and 2% of the population. The cascade of events culminating in epilepsy, or the role of seizures in altering brain structures and circuits has been difficult to define. Previous work from our group has shown that stress markedly accelerates the process of epilepsy development. I am developing a model of brain functioning from observed brain cells to chart the changes associated with seizures, stres ....Epilepsy is one of the most common recurrent neurological disorders worldwide, affecting between 1 and 2% of the population. The cascade of events culminating in epilepsy, or the role of seizures in altering brain structures and circuits has been difficult to define. Previous work from our group has shown that stress markedly accelerates the process of epilepsy development. I am developing a model of brain functioning from observed brain cells to chart the changes associated with seizures, stress, and potential treatments.Read moreRead less
Computational Modeling of RNA Control Networks. One of the most exciting new ideas for understanding the regulation of gene expression involves the contribution of intronic and other non-protein coding RNAs to regulatory networks within cells. This novel role for intronic RNA is currently making headlines within the molecular biology community but has not yet been modelled computationally. The network of genetic regulatory interactions forms a complex system which is amenable to computational ....Computational Modeling of RNA Control Networks. One of the most exciting new ideas for understanding the regulation of gene expression involves the contribution of intronic and other non-protein coding RNAs to regulatory networks within cells. This novel role for intronic RNA is currently making headlines within the molecular biology community but has not yet been modelled computationally. The network of genetic regulatory interactions forms a complex system which is amenable to computational analysis. This project aims to extend current models to incorporate intronic RNA feedback control, complementing parallel studies in vivo, and computationally testing ideas essential to the theoretical understanding of the basis of life.Read moreRead less