Randomised Double-blind Controlled Trial Of Oxygen Versus Air To Palliate Intractable End-of-life Dyspnoea When Pa02 >55
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$463,318.00
Summary
Shortness of breath at the end-of-life is one of the most feared symptoms. Unlike most other symptoms, it worsens as death approaches. Despite the fact that more than 50,000 Australian will die an expected death in the next year, of whom the majority will have breathlessness toward the end-of-life, we know little about how best to treat this symptom. Oxygen is frequently introduced but we have not identified whether it is more effective than medical air, and, if it is more effective, which patie ....Shortness of breath at the end-of-life is one of the most feared symptoms. Unlike most other symptoms, it worsens as death approaches. Despite the fact that more than 50,000 Australian will die an expected death in the next year, of whom the majority will have breathlessness toward the end-of-life, we know little about how best to treat this symptom. Oxygen is frequently introduced but we have not identified whether it is more effective than medical air, and, if it is more effective, which patients would most benefit from it. Because of this lack of evidence, oxygen is only funded in Australia in community settings for people who have severely low oxygen levels in their blood. Palliative oxygen is provided on a compassionate basis at times but this is on an ad hoc basis and does not ensure equitable access for people at the end of life who experience shortness of breath. This multi-centre study will compare oxygen and air, with neither the participant nor caring clinicians knowing which treatment they will receive. After careful explanation, volunteers who agree to participate will be asked to use the oxygen machine for at least 15 hours each day for 7 days and fill out a diary twice each day. Five centres across Australia are planning to enroll 240 participants in this study. Outcomes will include whether the sensation of breathlessness has improved, the overall quality of life while being treated, the ability to perform activities of daily living and any side effects experienced. This study is eagerly awaited by clinicians and health planners not only in Australia but in North America and Europe. This study will provide data in a long-standing international debate about the role of oxygen in people with relatively normal levels of oxygen in their blood who suffer from shortness of breath at the end-of-life.Read moreRead less
Multi-centre RDBC Trial Of Oxygen Vs Air For Relief Of Breathlessness In Terminally-ill Patients With Intractable Dyspno
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$149,701.00
Summary
This study will compare the effects of oxygen and air in the relief of breathlessness in patients at the end of life who do not currently qualify for home oxygen. This landmark study will provide accurate information about any benefits that oxygen offers for breathlessness in this setting. This international multi-site study will ask 226 people to participate using either oxygen or air for 7 days while keeping a diary. We will measure breathlessness, quality of life, anxiety and side effects exp ....This study will compare the effects of oxygen and air in the relief of breathlessness in patients at the end of life who do not currently qualify for home oxygen. This landmark study will provide accurate information about any benefits that oxygen offers for breathlessness in this setting. This international multi-site study will ask 226 people to participate using either oxygen or air for 7 days while keeping a diary. We will measure breathlessness, quality of life, anxiety and side effects experienced.Read moreRead less
Only at the movies: mapping the contemporary Australian cinema market. Only at the movies? is a three-year project that asks: What is the enduring appeal of cinemagoing and how is it changing? It will provide detailed analyses of formal film exhibition and distribution in Australia by combining economic, cultural and geospatial research with industry expertise.
Artisanal making and the future of small-scale local production. Small-scale local production is essential to Australia’s post-COVID social and economic recovery. Employing a mixed methods approach, this project aims to identify the consumer identities, decision-making and sustainable artisanal production models underpinning contemporary demand for locally made goods. Moving innovatively beyond binaries of production/consumption and individual production sectors, the project expects to generate ....Artisanal making and the future of small-scale local production. Small-scale local production is essential to Australia’s post-COVID social and economic recovery. Employing a mixed methods approach, this project aims to identify the consumer identities, decision-making and sustainable artisanal production models underpinning contemporary demand for locally made goods. Moving innovatively beyond binaries of production/consumption and individual production sectors, the project expects to generate vital new knowledge about how markets for small-scale Australian production can be expanded. Expected outcomes of this project include the generation of robust data to inform strategies that will benefit operators in remaining competitive and support the development of new and emerging artisanal businesses.Read moreRead less
Sharing values and the co-creation of brands: Towards a new consumer driven branding paradigm. The project proposes a paradigm shift from traditional image building towards a full understanding and integration of consumer values into a deliberate process of co-created brand meanings. Brands thus managed can become iconic and symbolic of consumers' existing subcultures or may even define micro-cultures of consumption of their own (as in the case of Harley Davidson).
Should managers understand t ....Sharing values and the co-creation of brands: Towards a new consumer driven branding paradigm. The project proposes a paradigm shift from traditional image building towards a full understanding and integration of consumer values into a deliberate process of co-created brand meanings. Brands thus managed can become iconic and symbolic of consumers' existing subcultures or may even define micro-cultures of consumption of their own (as in the case of Harley Davidson).
Should managers understand the process by which such co-created brands develop, more Australian brand success stories (eg. Rip Curl, Penfold's Grange) would evolve and be better placed to tap the increasingly diversified sub-cultural landscape that characterises the Australian marketplace and many of our major trading partners.
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Youth, religion and sexuality: digital media, school cultures, exemptions. This project aims to understand the knowledges and practices about sexuality and religion that form the everyday worlds of young people who are religious. This should provide significant new knowledge about a key time in the development of a young person’s identity via a nationwide, deep yet comparative approach. Expected outcomes include strategic health policy and curriculum development advice that responds to current d ....Youth, religion and sexuality: digital media, school cultures, exemptions. This project aims to understand the knowledges and practices about sexuality and religion that form the everyday worlds of young people who are religious. This should provide significant new knowledge about a key time in the development of a young person’s identity via a nationwide, deep yet comparative approach. Expected outcomes include strategic health policy and curriculum development advice that responds to current debates around religious exemptions to anti-discrimination law and creates better education and health care for religious and LGBTIQ+ youth. Benefits will include increased wellbeing for religious LGBTIQ+ youth, conservatively religious and newly arrived youth communities in Australia.Read moreRead less
Zeroing in on food waste: Measuring, understanding and reducing food waste. By developing a socio-culturally aware public education and social marketing programme to reduce food waste behaviours, the proposal addresses the national research priority area of an environmentally sustainable Australia. Reducing food waste by just 10% would save ~$530 million worth of wasted expenditure on food and reduce food waste in landfill by ~300,000 tonnes per annum, thereby reducing the costs associated with ....Zeroing in on food waste: Measuring, understanding and reducing food waste. By developing a socio-culturally aware public education and social marketing programme to reduce food waste behaviours, the proposal addresses the national research priority area of an environmentally sustainable Australia. Reducing food waste by just 10% would save ~$530 million worth of wasted expenditure on food and reduce food waste in landfill by ~300,000 tonnes per annum, thereby reducing the costs associated with disposal and the release of harmful methane gases. The methodology refined by this project to understand food waste will provide the basis for efficient and sustainable food waste reduction strategies and provide an approach that can be generalised to other waste streams with strong socio-cultural determinants.Read moreRead less
Impact of rolling dynamic compaction. The project will lead to improved understanding and greater use of rolling dynamic compaction (RDC). RDC is a relatively new compaction technique that can be used to improve soft and derelict ground prior to the construction of roads, railways, subdivisions and structures. This project will also lead to greatly reduced ground improvement costs.
China’s changing internal migration: patterns, causes, policy implications. China’s massive internal migration is no longer simply rural–urban and circular but highly diversified. The project aims to unravel that transition: its patterns, causes, and effects. Using 2020 census data and major longitudinal datasets, a China variant of Zelinsky’s classic mobility transition theory will be developed and deployed to identify underlying mechanisms. Among expected outcomes are powerful methods for asse ....China’s changing internal migration: patterns, causes, policy implications. China’s massive internal migration is no longer simply rural–urban and circular but highly diversified. The project aims to unravel that transition: its patterns, causes, and effects. Using 2020 census data and major longitudinal datasets, a China variant of Zelinsky’s classic mobility transition theory will be developed and deployed to identify underlying mechanisms. Among expected outcomes are powerful methods for assessing spatio-temporal migration patterns and causes, applicable to many economies especially in the Asia–Pacific. Benefits should include a new evidence base for migration and related urban–rural policy in China; and for Australia, policy inputs to improve prosperity through better relations with our biggest trading partner.Read moreRead less
Can Sponsorship deliver Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)? Examining internal and external perceptions of sponsors' CSR. This study examines whether and how sponsorship can be effective when supporting community-based activities. As the cost of large scale events continues to escalate, defining a value proposition to appeal to local sponsors may help smaller clubs and non-profit organisations to survive or even thrive. For small and medium size businesses, leveraging the sponsoring of commun ....Can Sponsorship deliver Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)? Examining internal and external perceptions of sponsors' CSR. This study examines whether and how sponsorship can be effective when supporting community-based activities. As the cost of large scale events continues to escalate, defining a value proposition to appeal to local sponsors may help smaller clubs and non-profit organisations to survive or even thrive. For small and medium size businesses, leveraging the sponsoring of community-based organisations via Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) may be effective in gaining a competitive advantage against larger competitors. This study can assist in the quantification of such CSR sponsorship benefits, in times of increased social and economic accountability and uncertain economic growth.Read moreRead less