Alternatives To Homologous Blood Transfusion - Development Of Evidence- Based Decision Aids.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$213,697.00
Summary
Transfusion of donor blood is the traditional means of treating blood loss resulting from injury or during surgery. Donor blood is in short supply and in the past there have been episodes of contamination by viruses that have led to hepatitis and AIDS. Consequently there is much interest in a range of techniques designed to reduce the need for transfusion of donor blood. One of the most popular is transfusion of patients' own blood (autologous transfusion). Despite the popularity of some of thes ....Transfusion of donor blood is the traditional means of treating blood loss resulting from injury or during surgery. Donor blood is in short supply and in the past there have been episodes of contamination by viruses that have led to hepatitis and AIDS. Consequently there is much interest in a range of techniques designed to reduce the need for transfusion of donor blood. One of the most popular is transfusion of patients' own blood (autologous transfusion). Despite the popularity of some of these techniques their true value is not really proven. They may be capable of diminishing the need for a transfusion of donor blood, but the long-term effects of this are not clear. In addition the preparation of autologous blood is a burden for overworked blood banks, and autologous blood may itself be associated with its own problems. The main aims of this study are to carry out reviews of the best quality trials of the various alternatives to transfusion of donor blood and to carry out surveys to find out what patients and doctors think. In a third phase of the project we will use the information gathered in the first two phases to design decision aids. These are comprehensive structured summaries of the available evidence to enable patients and their physicians to collaborate in making informed decisions that are likely to lead to the best outcomes for patients. The products of the research will be a number of reviews of 'best evidence' that appear in the International Cochrane Library, available to health professionals around the world. In addition, the decision aids, if successful, will be made available in a form that can be used by all Australian patients who are facing surgery that is likely to require a blood transfusion.Read moreRead less
Literature and the Face: A Critical History. The project aims to chart and analyse the representation of the human face in literary texts from the medieval to the contemporary era. It expects to generate comprehensive new knowledge about changing literary and textual discourses about the face by combining rhetorical analysis, the insights of cognitive literary theory, and digital methodologies. Significant outcomes include a deeper understanding of the cultural history of facial expression, iden ....Literature and the Face: A Critical History. The project aims to chart and analyse the representation of the human face in literary texts from the medieval to the contemporary era. It expects to generate comprehensive new knowledge about changing literary and textual discourses about the face by combining rhetorical analysis, the insights of cognitive literary theory, and digital methodologies. Significant outcomes include a deeper understanding of the cultural history of facial expression, identity and emotion, with particular attention to gender and ethnicity. The project’s engagement activities will illuminate the relationship between literary history and contemporary social understandings of the face and allow us to better understand current transformations in facial recognition.Read moreRead less
The Oulipo Group and literary invention. This project aims to explain the emergence of the Oulipo group, a new force in world literature based in France. The project will contribute to the broader search for points of fruitful contact between abstract reasoning and artistic practice. It will provide a new theoretical account of the Oulipo's writing practice, an explanation of how that practice relates to similar currents in contemporary writing around the world, and improved access to the group’ ....The Oulipo Group and literary invention. This project aims to explain the emergence of the Oulipo group, a new force in world literature based in France. The project will contribute to the broader search for points of fruitful contact between abstract reasoning and artistic practice. It will provide a new theoretical account of the Oulipo's writing practice, an explanation of how that practice relates to similar currents in contemporary writing around the world, and improved access to the group’s recent work via translation. Among the anticipated benefits are a deeper understanding of literary form and its historical development, and a mapping of the areas in which the Oulipo's innovative approach to writing is yet to be tried.Read moreRead less
Determination Of Diagnostic Molecular Profiles For Intraduct Lesions Of The Breast.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$308,400.00
Summary
Breast cancer originates in cells within breast ducts. The introduction of Breast Screening for breast cancer has led to a dramatic increase in the diagnosis of breast cancer which is confined to these ducts and has not spread to surrounding tissue. This is known as 'ductal carcinoma in situ' or DCIS. It is evident that DCIS is variable in its tendency to give rise to more advanced breast cancer. However, currently our ability to predict the potential agressiveness of a particular DCIS is limite ....Breast cancer originates in cells within breast ducts. The introduction of Breast Screening for breast cancer has led to a dramatic increase in the diagnosis of breast cancer which is confined to these ducts and has not spread to surrounding tissue. This is known as 'ductal carcinoma in situ' or DCIS. It is evident that DCIS is variable in its tendency to give rise to more advanced breast cancer. However, currently our ability to predict the potential agressiveness of a particular DCIS is limited. In this research we are proposing to develop new methods for evaluation of DCIS that will more accurately predict clinical behaviour. An important adjunct is to ensure that these methods can be practically applied in a routine diagnostic setting. Achievement of the aims of this project will assist treatment planning for patients diagnosed with DCIS. It will also provide important information about breast cancers diagnosed as a consequence of breast screening.Read moreRead less
The early woman writer, 1530-1660. This project aims to provide a literary history of women’s textual practice in the English Renaissance. This project will examine the scope, content and purpose of early modern women’s writing to make new discoveries about reading, writing and book use in the period when book production and distribution was first appearing on a larger scale. It uses digital technologies to create open-access digital forms of this writing to extend access to it, and also to furt ....The early woman writer, 1530-1660. This project aims to provide a literary history of women’s textual practice in the English Renaissance. This project will examine the scope, content and purpose of early modern women’s writing to make new discoveries about reading, writing and book use in the period when book production and distribution was first appearing on a larger scale. It uses digital technologies to create open-access digital forms of this writing to extend access to it, and also to further Australia’s position in both cutting edge digital scholarship and scholarship on the early modern period.
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Close Relations: Irishness in Australian Literature. The project aims to transform understanding of Australian literature by combining existing and digital methods to investigate the complex role of Irishness in its production, circulation and reception. It expects to generate new knowledge in Australian, Irish and computational literary studies and to advance a critical and methodological framework of relational literary studies. Expected outcomes include enhanced knowledge of the history of mi ....Close Relations: Irishness in Australian Literature. The project aims to transform understanding of Australian literature by combining existing and digital methods to investigate the complex role of Irishness in its production, circulation and reception. It expects to generate new knowledge in Australian, Irish and computational literary studies and to advance a critical and methodological framework of relational literary studies. Expected outcomes include enhanced knowledge of the history of migration and identity formation in Australia, and a new way of integrating human- and computer-led approaches to literary inquiry. The project’s substantial benefits should include advancing understanding of Australia’s cultural history and promoting public engagement with Australian literature.Read moreRead less