Deep Learning Augmented Intelligent Grinding Mill Simulation and Design. Comminution is a key operation in mineral processing that utilises grinding mills to reduce the size of ore for further mineral enrichment processing. The aim of this project is to provide a step change improvement in the operational efficiency and service life of grinding mills through the development of advanced numerical models to simulate the grinding mill process. The outcome will be a hierarchical deep learning progra ....Deep Learning Augmented Intelligent Grinding Mill Simulation and Design. Comminution is a key operation in mineral processing that utilises grinding mills to reduce the size of ore for further mineral enrichment processing. The aim of this project is to provide a step change improvement in the operational efficiency and service life of grinding mills through the development of advanced numerical models to simulate the grinding mill process. The outcome will be a hierarchical deep learning program to select optimal model parameters from which computational algorithms will optimise grinding mill geometries. This research project will deliver substantial improvements to equipment used to process our most valuable exports and result in immediate industry impact.Read moreRead less
Multiscale engineering of durable absorber coatings for solar thermal power. This project aims to advance the long-term stability and efficiency of high-temperature absorber coatings for Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plants. Solar energy is a vast and largely untapped resource in Australia. The project will design superior light absorbers and scalable and low-cost approaches for their fabrication. Optimal absorber properties will be achieved by multi-scale engineering of the coating composition ....Multiscale engineering of durable absorber coatings for solar thermal power. This project aims to advance the long-term stability and efficiency of high-temperature absorber coatings for Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plants. Solar energy is a vast and largely untapped resource in Australia. The project will design superior light absorbers and scalable and low-cost approaches for their fabrication. Optimal absorber properties will be achieved by multi-scale engineering of the coating composition and micro-texturing via modelling of the light absorption and heat transport within these complex nanocomposite structures. The intended outcome of the project is a set of commercially competitive absorber coatings, with superior performance and durability, that support the development of CSP as a competitive technology for energy generation.Read moreRead less
Topology optimisation of mechanical metamaterials with additive manufacture. Metamaterials have sparked a surge of interest with potential applications as diverse as biomedical implants, ballistic barriers, and acoustic cloaks. This project aims to develop topology optimisation technology, with the marriage of additive manufacturing for computational design of mechanical metamaterials of pentamode, which are a new class of artificial composites engineered to have elastic properties not easily fo ....Topology optimisation of mechanical metamaterials with additive manufacture. Metamaterials have sparked a surge of interest with potential applications as diverse as biomedical implants, ballistic barriers, and acoustic cloaks. This project aims to develop topology optimisation technology, with the marriage of additive manufacturing for computational design of mechanical metamaterials of pentamode, which are a new class of artificial composites engineered to have elastic properties not easily found in nature. This approach aims to create novel metamaterials to have extraordinary properties and complex geometries that can be easily fabricated. Potential applications may include defense, vehicles, biomedicine, marine uses, energy and cloaks.Read moreRead less
A miniaturised laser manipulator for ultra-precise and pain-free dentistry. This project aims to develop a miniaturized high-precision laser robotic device that can fit comfortably in the mouth to perform pain-free, vibration-free dental operations by utilising silicon-carbide on silicon technology to create a millimetre-sized two-axis controllable, highly-reflective mirror robust to high-power ultra-short laser pulses. This project expects to generate new knowledge in micro-mirror control using ....A miniaturised laser manipulator for ultra-precise and pain-free dentistry. This project aims to develop a miniaturized high-precision laser robotic device that can fit comfortably in the mouth to perform pain-free, vibration-free dental operations by utilising silicon-carbide on silicon technology to create a millimetre-sized two-axis controllable, highly-reflective mirror robust to high-power ultra-short laser pulses. This project expects to generate new knowledge in micro-mirror control using optically excited piezo-resistive sensors, and cold femtosecond laser ablation of hard dental tissue. Expected outcomes include a working prototype for laser removal of tooth materials at speeds exceeding dental drills, providing benefits in miniaturized laser devices and ultimately removing pain from dental procedures. Read moreRead less
Dominant flow noise source identification for ducted marine propellers. Ducted marine propellers are becoming an increasing alternative to conventional open propellers. Understanding flow-induced noise generated by ducted propellers is a key consideration in the design process to minimise noise emission. This project aims to develop new methods to identify turbulent flow sources of a ducted marine propeller that dominate sound. High-fidelity numerical methods will be developed to study the compl ....Dominant flow noise source identification for ducted marine propellers. Ducted marine propellers are becoming an increasing alternative to conventional open propellers. Understanding flow-induced noise generated by ducted propellers is a key consideration in the design process to minimise noise emission. This project aims to develop new methods to identify turbulent flow sources of a ducted marine propeller that dominate sound. High-fidelity numerical methods will be developed to study the complex interaction between inflow turbulence, support struts, propeller blades and duct structure. Successful identification of the dominant sources of noise will allow for targeted noise mitigation strategies with significant impact for stealth of military vessels and reduction of underwater noise pollution on marine life.Read moreRead less
Baseline-free Methods for Early Damage Diagnosis using Nonlinear Ultrasound. To address the significant limitation of existing non-destructive evaluation techniques in detecting and characterising early damage, this project aims to discover the physical nature of self-generated nonlinear waves by structural damage and to explore its potential for an entirely new class of non-destructive evaluation and structural health monitoring techniques. Major applications are expected to include a baseline- ....Baseline-free Methods for Early Damage Diagnosis using Nonlinear Ultrasound. To address the significant limitation of existing non-destructive evaluation techniques in detecting and characterising early damage, this project aims to discover the physical nature of self-generated nonlinear waves by structural damage and to explore its potential for an entirely new class of non-destructive evaluation and structural health monitoring techniques. Major applications are expected to include a baseline-free structural health monitoring technique capable of detecting and quantifying barely-visible impact damage in advanced composite materials, non-destructive evaluation of structures made by additive manufacturing, and detection of hard-to-inspect locations in unitised structures.Read moreRead less
Role Of Transition Metal Ions And Redox Activity In The Development Of Atherosclerotic Plaques
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$196,018.00
Summary
Metal ions such as iron and copper have been reproted to be present in the lesions present in diseased human arteries and it has been suggested that these metal ions contribute to the development of atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) via their ability to catalyse the formation of highly reactive molecualr fragments called free radicals. Though metal ions are known to catalyse such reactions in test-tube experiments, both the presence of metal ions in diseased arteries and their ability ....Metal ions such as iron and copper have been reproted to be present in the lesions present in diseased human arteries and it has been suggested that these metal ions contribute to the development of atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) via their ability to catalyse the formation of highly reactive molecualr fragments called free radicals. Though metal ions are known to catalyse such reactions in test-tube experiments, both the presence of metal ions in diseased arteries and their ability to generate free radicals is controversial. This study will employ a novel, minimally-invasive, technique to assess the nature and quantity of metal ions present in well-defined human and animal lesions at different stages of lesion development. The ability of these metal ions to catalyse free radical formation from components present in the artery wall will also be assessed. The release of these metal ions from the artery wall to added organic molecules will be assessed as this might minimise their potential to cause damage, and provide a possible therapeutic strategy. These studies will therefore provide valuable information as to the significance and role of reactive metal ions in the development of human artery disease and the possible prevention, or minimisation, of such processes.Read moreRead less
Thermo-electro-chemo-mechanical properties of biological systems. The proposal is aimed at developing a new theoretical framework for piezoelectric biological materials and structures, through theoretical analysis, computation and numerical simulations, as well as experimental investigations, to produce high-reliability, high-performance hydrogel components and smart soft tissue structures. It is envisaged that successful outcomes of this program will give the Australian biological industry a te ....Thermo-electro-chemo-mechanical properties of biological systems. The proposal is aimed at developing a new theoretical framework for piezoelectric biological materials and structures, through theoretical analysis, computation and numerical simulations, as well as experimental investigations, to produce high-reliability, high-performance hydrogel components and smart soft tissue structures. It is envisaged that successful outcomes of this program will give the Australian biological industry a technology edge over their competitors and provide easy-to-use guidelines for the design of smart biological systems.Read moreRead less
Mitochondrial Iron Overload And Friedreich's Ataxia: The Role Of Frataxin In Iron And Haem Metabolism
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$606,000.00
Summary
Friedreich's ataxia (FA) is due to the lack of a protein known as frataxin. A variety of studies using Baker's yeast and conditional frataxin knockout (KO) mice have shown that deletion of frataxin leads to the accumulation of toxic iron in their mitochondrion. More recently, a variety of studies have shown that FA patients have iron-loading within their mitochondrion. Iron in the highly redox active environment of the mitochondrion could contribute to the generation of cytotoxic radicals that c ....Friedreich's ataxia (FA) is due to the lack of a protein known as frataxin. A variety of studies using Baker's yeast and conditional frataxin knockout (KO) mice have shown that deletion of frataxin leads to the accumulation of toxic iron in their mitochondrion. More recently, a variety of studies have shown that FA patients have iron-loading within their mitochondrion. Iron in the highly redox active environment of the mitochondrion could contribute to the generation of cytotoxic radicals that cause severe damage. Further, cells deficient in frataxin are sensitive to oxidant stress and Fe chelators rescue oxidant-mediated death of cells from FA patients. Indeed, free radical scavengers have shown to be of use in the treatment of this disease. Studies in DR's lab during this NHMRC grant have shown that frataxin is down-regulated by erythroid differentiation or the haem precursor, protoporphyrin IX (BLOOD 2002;99:3813-22). These data indicate a role for frataxin in Fe metabolism and the pathogenesis of FA. In this study we will continue to examine the role of frataxin in the way cells handle Fe using experimental models developed under the current NHMRC grant. These include transfected cell lines with low frataxin expression generated using an expression vector containing anti-sense frataxin cDNA. Further we obtained the frataxin conditional KO mouse and generated a breeding colony. These animals display many of the pathological features of FA and are the best current model of the disease. Indeed, they will be critical for assessing the role of frataxin in Fe metabolism and as a model to test the ability of Fe-binding drugs to prevent the pathology observed. We designed lipid-soluble chelators that can enter the mitochondrion to bind Fe (Biochim Biophys Acta 2001;1536:133-140) and these ligands will be tested to prevent disease progression in the KO mice. This exciting research is crucial for understanding the pathogenesis of FA and in creating new therapies.Read moreRead less
Hybrid Toughening of Carbon Fibre Composites for Liquid Hydrogen Storage. This project aims to develop hybrid toughening technologies to overcome the major problem of transverse matrix cracking and splitting in existing carbon fibre composites when subjected to thermal-mechanical loading at the ultracold liquid hydrogen temperature. Nano-toughened thin-ply carbon fibre layers will be hybridised with standard-ply laminates to sustain internal pressure and external impact loading at cryogenic temp ....Hybrid Toughening of Carbon Fibre Composites for Liquid Hydrogen Storage. This project aims to develop hybrid toughening technologies to overcome the major problem of transverse matrix cracking and splitting in existing carbon fibre composites when subjected to thermal-mechanical loading at the ultracold liquid hydrogen temperature. Nano-toughened thin-ply carbon fibre layers will be hybridised with standard-ply laminates to sustain internal pressure and external impact loading at cryogenic temperatures without leaks. The hybrid composites are expected to enable Australian companies to engineer, manufacture and export lightweight carbon fibre tanks for storing and exporting liquid hydrogen, which is emerging as a transformational opportunity for Australia to become a global supplier of green energy.Read moreRead less